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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Divergent co-transmitter actions underlie motor pattern activation by a modulatory projection neuron.
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Divergent co-transmitter actions underlie motor pattern activation by a modulatory projection neuron.

机译：发散的共递质作用是调节性投射神经元激活运动模式的基础。

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摘要

Co-transmission is a common means of neuronal communication, but its consequences for neuronal signaling within a defined neuronal circuit remain unknown in most systems. We are addressing this issue in the crab stomatogastric nervous system by characterizing how the identified modulatory commissural neuron (MCN)1 uses its co-transmitters to activate the gastric mill (chewing) rhythm in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG). MCN1 contains gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plus the peptides proctolin and Cancer borealis tachykinin-related peptide Ia (CabTRP Ia), which it co-releases during the retractor phase of the gastric mill rhythm to influence both retractor and protractor neurons. By focally applying each MCN1 co-transmitter and pharmacologically manipulating each co-transmitter action during MCN1 stimulation, we found that MCN1 has divergent co-transmitter actions on the gastric mill central pattern generator (CPG), which includes the neurons lateral gastric (LG) and interneuron 1 (Int1), plus the STG terminals of MCN1 (MCN1(STG)). MCN1 used only CabTRP Ia to influence LG, while it used only GABA to influence Int1 and the contralateral MCN1(STG). These MCN1 actions caused a slow excitation of LG, a fast excitation of Int1 and a fast inhibition of MCN1(STG). MCN1-released proctolin had no direct influence on the gastric mill CPG, although it likely indirectly regulates this CPG via its influence on the pyloric rhythm. MCN1 appeared to have no ionotropic actions on the gastric mill follower motor neurons, but it did use proctolin and/or CabTRP Ia to excite them. Thus, a modulatory projection neuron can elicit rhythmic motor activity by using distinct co-transmitters, with different time courses of action, to simultaneously influence different CPG neurons.
机译：共传送是神经元通信的一种常见方式，但是在大多数系统中，它对定义的神经元回路内的神经元信号传导的后果仍然未知。我们通过表征已识别的调节性连合神经元（MCN）1如何利用其共递质激活气管胃神经节（STG）的胃磨（咀嚼）节律来解决蟹气管胃神经系统中的这一问题。 MCN1包含γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）加上肽proctolin和癌性速激肽相关肽Ia（CabTRP Ia），它们在胃磨节律的牵开器阶段共释放，从而影响牵开器和量角器神经元。通过集中应用每个MCN1辅助递质并在MCN1刺激过程中药理处理每个辅助递质作用，我们发现MCN1在胃磨中央模式发生器（CPG）上具有不同的辅助递质作用，其中CPG包括胃外侧神经元（LG）和中间神经元1（Int1），以及MCN1（MCN1（STG））的STG端子。 MCN1仅使用CabTRP Ia影响LG，而仅使用GABA影响Int1和对侧MCN1（STG）。这些MCN1动作导致LG的缓慢激发，Int1的快速激发和MCN1（STG）的快速抑制。尽管MCN1释放的Proctolin可能通过其对幽门节律的影响而间接调节该CPG，但它对胃磨CPG没有直接影响。 MCN1似乎对胃磨牙追随者运动神经元没有离子作用，但它确实使用了柏托林和/或CabTRP Ia来激发它们。因此，调节投射神经元可以通过使用具有不同时间过程的不同的共递质来同时影响不同的CPG神经元，从而引起节律性运动活动。

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