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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Growth cone responses to growth and chemotropic factors.
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Growth cone responses to growth and chemotropic factors.

机译：生长锥对生长和趋化因子的反应。

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During nervous system development axons reach their target areas under the influence of numerous guidance cues that affect rate and direction of growth. This report addresses the unsettled question of whether and to what extent growth velocity and turning responses (attraction, repulsion) are interdependent. We exposed individual growth cones of fetal rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture asymmetrically to gradients of seven different factors and recorded their growth rates and turning angles. Growth cones exhibited divergent patterns of turning and growth responses. For example, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and thrombin all promoted growth, but HGF was a powerful attractant, thrombin a potent repellent and IGF-1 did not elicit turning. Galanin and neuropeptide Y also affected growth and/or turning differentially. Finally, nerve growth factor in the culture medium not only inhibited the turning responses to HGF, but also converted growth promotion of HGF and IGF-1 into inhibition. Overall, our studies indicate that: (i) turning and advance are regulated independently, except that strong attractive or repulsive responses generally are accompanied by growth promotion; (ii) asymmetric growth factor application per se does not elicit attraction; (iii) regulation of the two parameters may occur through a single receptor; and (iv) the effects of combined growth factors may not be additive and can be inhibitory.
机译：在神经系统发育过程中，轴突在许多影响生长速率和方向的引导线索的影响下到达其目标区域。该报告解决了尚未解决的问题，即生长速度和转向反应（吸引力，排斥力）是否相互依赖以及在何种程度上相互依赖。我们将培养物中的胎鼠背根神经节神经元的单个生长锥非对称地暴露于七个不同因素的梯度下，并记录了它们的生长速率和转角。生长锥显示出转向和生长响应的不同模式。例如，肝细胞生长因子（HGF），胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）和凝血酶均可促进生长，但HGF是强力的引诱剂，凝血酶是有效的驱避剂，而IGF-1则不会引起转弯。甘丙肽和神经肽Y也影响生长和/或转向。最后，培养基中的神经生长因子不仅抑制了对HGF的转向反应，而且还将HGF和IGF-1的生长促进转化为抑制作用。总体而言，我们的研究表明：（i）转向和前进受到独立调节，但强烈的吸引力或排斥反应通常伴随着促进增长; （ii）不对称生长因子的应用本身不会引起吸引力; （iii）可以通过一个受体来调节两个参数; （iv）组合生长因子的作用可能不是累加的，可能是抑制性的。

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