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首页> 外文期刊>The East African medical journal >Epidemiology of measles in the Central Region of Ghana: a five-year case review in three district hospitals.
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Epidemiology of measles in the Central Region of Ghana: a five-year case review in three district hospitals.

机译：加纳中部地区的麻疹流行病学：在三所地区医院进行的五年病例回顾。

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OBJECTIVE: As part of a national accelerated campaign to eliminate measles, we conducted a study, to define the epidemiology of measles in the Central Region. DESIGN: A descriptive survey was carried out on retrospective cases of measles. SETTING: Patients were drawn from the three district hospitals (Assin, Asikuma and Winneba Hospitals) with the highest number of reported cases in the region. SUBJECTS: Records of outpatient and inpatient measles patients attending the selected health facilities between 1996 and 2000. Data on reported measles cases in all health facilities in the three study, districts were also analysed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The distribution of measles cases in person (age and sex), time (weekly, or monthly, trends) and place (residence), the relative frequency, of cases, and the outcome of treatment. RESULTS: There was an overall decline in reported cases of measles between 1996 and 2000 both in absolute terms and relative to other diseases. Females constituted 48%-52% of the reported 1508 cases in the hospitals. The median age of patients was 36 months. Eleven percent of cases were aged under nine months; 66% under five years and 96% under 15 years. With some minor variations between districts, the highest and lowest transmission occurred in March and September respectively. Within hospitals, there were sporadic outbreaks with up to 34 weekly cases. CONCLUSION: In Ghana, children aged nine months to 14 years could be appropriately targeted for supplementary, measles immunization campaigns. The best period for the campaigns is during the low transmission months of August to October. Retrospective surveillance can expediently inform decisions about the timing and target age groups for such campaigns.
机译：目的：作为一项全国性的消除麻疹的加速运动的一部分，我们进行了一项研究，以确定中部地区的麻疹流行病学。设计：对回顾性麻疹病例进行描述性调查。地点：患者来自三个地区医院（Assin，Asikuma和Winneba医院），该地区报告的病例数最高。受试者：1996年至2000年期间在选定医疗机构就诊的麻疹患者的门诊和住院记录。还对三个研究地区所有医疗机构中报告的麻疹病例进行了数据分析。主要观察指标：麻疹病例的分布情况（年龄和性别），时间（每周或每月，趋势）和地点（住院），相对频率，病例以及治疗结果。结果：从绝对值和相对于其他疾病而言，1996年至2000年间报告的麻疹病例总体呈下降趋势。在医院报告的1508例病例中，女性占48％-52％。患者的中位年龄为36个月。 11％的病例年龄在9个月以下; 5年以下为66％，15年以下为96％。各地区之间的差异较小，最高和最低传播分别发生在3月和9月。在医院内部，偶发性疾病暴发，每周多达34例。结论：在加纳，年龄在9个月至14岁之间的儿童可以适当地参加补充麻疹免疫运动。运动的最佳时期是在八月到十月的低传播月份。回顾性监视可以方便地告知有关此类运动的时间安排和目标年龄组的决策。

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