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首页> 外文期刊>The FEBS journal >Biochemical insights into the mechanisms central to the response of mammalian cells to cold stress and subsequent rewarming
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Biochemical insights into the mechanisms central to the response of mammalian cells to cold stress and subsequent rewarming

机译：对哺乳动物细胞对冷应激和随后的变暖反应的关键机制的生化见解

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Mammalian cells cultured in vitro are able to recover from cold stress. However, the mechanisms activated during cold stress and recovery are still being determined. We here report the effects of hypothermia on cellular architecture, cell cycle progression, mRNA stability, protein synthesis and degradation in three mammalian cell lines. The cellular structures examined were, in general, well maintained during mild hypothermia (27-32 degrees C) but became increasingly disrupted at low temperatures (4-10 degrees C). The degradation rates of all mRNAs and proteins examined were much reduced at 27 degrees C, and overall protein synthesis rates were gradually reduced with temperature down to 20 degrees C. Proteins involved in a range of cellular activities were either upregulated or downregulated at 32 and 27 degrees C during cold stress and recovery. Many of these proteins were molecular chaperones, but they did not include the inducible heat shock protein Hsp72. Further detailed investigation of specific proteins revealed that the responses to cold stress and recovery are at least partially controlled by modulation of p53, Grp75 and eIF3i levels. Furthermore, under conditions of severe cold stress (4 degrees C), lipid-containing structures were observed that appeared to be in the process of being secreted from the cell that were not observed at less severe cold stress temperatures. Our findings shed light on the mechanisms involved and activated in mammalian cells upon cold stress and recovery.
机译：体外培养的哺乳动物细胞能够从冷应激中恢复。但是，仍在确定冷应激和恢复过程中激活的机制。我们在这里报告了低温对三种哺乳动物细胞系中细胞结构，细胞周期进程，mRNA稳定性，蛋白质合成和降解的影响。通常，在轻度低温（27-32摄​​氏度）期间，所检查的细胞结构保持良好，但在低温（4-10摄氏度）下变得越来越混乱。在温度降低到20摄氏度时，所检查的所有mRNA和蛋白质的降解率都大大降低，并且总体蛋白质合成率随着温度降低到20摄氏度而逐渐降低。参与一系列细胞活动的蛋白质在32和27时被上调或下调低温和恢复过程中保持摄氏一度。这些蛋白中的许多是分子伴侣蛋白，但它们不包括可诱导的热激蛋白Hsp72。对特定蛋白质的进一步详细研究表明，对冷应激和恢复的反应至少部分受p53，Grp75和eIF3i水平的调节控制。此外，在严重的冷应激条件下（4℃），观察到含脂质的结构似乎正在从细胞中分泌出来，而在较轻的冷应激温度下则未观察到。我们的发现揭示了冷应激和恢复后哺乳动物细胞参与和激活的机制。

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