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首页> 外文期刊>The FEBS journal >Chromatin under mechanical stress: from single 30 nm fibers to single nucleosomes
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Chromatin under mechanical stress: from single 30 nm fibers to single nucleosomes

机译：机械应力下的染色质：从单个30 nm光纤到单个核小体

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About a decade ago, the elastic properties of a single chromatin fiber and, subsequently, those of a single nucleosome started to be explored using optical and magnetic tweezers. These techniques have allowed direct measurements of several essential physical parameters of individual nucleosomes and nucleosomal arrays, including the forces responsible for the maintenance of the structure of both the chromatin fiber and the individual nucleosomes, as well as the mechanism of their unwinding under mechanical stress. Experiments on the assembly of individual chromatin fibers have illustrated the complexity of the process and the key role of certain specific components. Nevertheless a substantial disparity exists in the data reported from various experiments. Chromatin, unlike naked DNA, is a system which is extremely sensitive to environmental conditions, and studies carried out under even slightly different conditions are difficult to compare directly. In this review we summarize the available data and their impact on our knowledge of both nucleosomal structure and the dynamics of nucleosome and chromatin fiber assembly and organization.
机译：大约十年前，开始使用光学和磁性镊子研究单个染色质纤维以及随后单个核小体的弹性特性。这些技术可以直接测量单个核小体和核小体阵列的几个基本物理参数，包括负责维持染色质纤维和单个核小体的结构的力，以及在机械应力下解旋的机理。对单个染色质纤维进行组装的实验说明了该过程的复杂性以及某些特定组件的关键作用。然而，各种实验报告的数据中存在很大差异。染色质不同于裸露的DNA，是一种对环境条件极为敏感的系统，即使在稍有不同的条件下进行的研究也很难直接进行比较。在这篇综述中，我们总结了可用的数据及其对我们的核小体结构知识以及核小体和染色质纤维组装和组织动力学的影响。

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