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首页> 外文期刊>The FEBS journal >Seeking the determinants of the elusive functions of Sco proteins
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Seeking the determinants of the elusive functions of Sco proteins

机译：寻找Sco蛋白难以捉摸的功能的决定因素

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摘要

Sco proteins are present in all types of organisms, including the vast majority of eukaryotes and many prokaryotes. It is well established that Sco proteins in eukaryotes are involved in the assembly of the Cu-A cofactor of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase; however their precise role in this process has not yet been elucidated at the molecular level. In particular, some but not all eukaryotes including humans possess two Sco proteins whose individual functions remain unclear. There is evidence that eukaryotic Sco proteins are also implicated in other cellular processes such as redox signalling and regulation of copper homeostasis. The range of physiological functions of Sco proteins appears to be even wider in prokaryotes, where Sco-encoding genes have been duplicated many times during evolution. While some prokaryotic Sco proteins are required for the biosynthesis of cytochrome c oxidase, others are most likely to take part in different processes such as copper delivery to other enzymes and protection against oxidative stress. The detailed understanding of the multiplicity of roles ascribed to Sco proteins requires the identification of the subtle determinants that modulate the two properties central to their known and potential functions, i.e. copper binding and redox properties. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge on Sco proteins gained by genetic, structural and functional studies on both eukaryotic and prokaryotic homologues, and propose some hints to unveil the elusive molecular mechanisms underlying their functions.
机译：Sco蛋白存在于所有类型的生物中，包括绝大多数的真核生物和许多原核​​生物。众所周知，真核生物中的Sco蛋白参与了线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶的Cu-A辅因子的组装。然而，在分子水平上尚未阐明它们在该过程中的确切作用。特别地，包括人在内的一些但不是全部的真核生物具有两种Sco蛋白，其各自的功能尚不清楚。有证据表明，真核Sco蛋白也与其他细胞过程有关，例如氧化还原信号和铜稳态的调节。在原核生物中，Sco蛋白质的生理功能范围似乎更大，在进化过程中，Sco编码基因已被复制了很多次。虽然某些原核Sco蛋白是细胞色素C氧化酶的生物合成所必需的，但其他原核蛋白最有可能参与不同的过程，例如向其他酶的铜递送和抗氧化应激。对Sco蛋白作用的多重性的详细理解要求确定微妙的决定因素，这些决定因素调节着两个对它们已知和潜在功能至关重要的特性，即铜结合和氧化还原特性。在这篇综述中，我们提供了通过对真核和原核同源物进行遗传，结构和功能研究而获得的有关Sco蛋白的最新知识的全面摘要，并提出了一些提示以揭示其功能的难以捉摸的分子机制。

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