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A systematic literature review on security and privacy of electronic health record systems: Technical perspectives

机译：关于电子病历系统安全性和隐私性的系统文献综述：技术观点

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Background: Even though many safeguards and policies for electronic health record (EHR) security have been implemented, barriers to the privacy and security protection of EHR systems persist. Objective: This article presents the results of a systematic literature review regarding frequently adopted security and privacy technical features of EHR systems. Method: Our inclusion criteria were full articles that dealt with the security and privacy of technical implementations of EHR systems published in English in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings between 1998 and 2013, 55 selected studies were reviewed in detail. We analysed the review results using two International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards (29100 and 27002) in order to consolidate the study findings. Results: Using this process, we identified 13 features that are essential to security and privacy in EHRs. These included system and application access control, compliance with security requirements, interoperability, integration and sharing, consent and choice mechanism, policies and regulation, applicability and scalability and cryptography techniques. Conclusion: This review highlights the importance of technical features, including mandated access control policies and consent mechanisms, to provide patients’ consent, scalability through proper architecture and frameworks, and interoperability of health information systems, to EHR security and privacy requirements.
机译：背景：尽管已实施了许多电子健康记录（EHR）安全保护措施和政策，但仍存在阻碍EHR系统的隐私和安全保护的障碍。目的：本文介绍了有关EHR系统经常采用的安全性和隐私技术特征的系统文献综述的结果。方法：我们的纳入标准为全文，涉及以电子方式发表的EHR系统的技术实施的安全性和隐私性，这些文章在1998年至2013年之间以英文发表在同行评审的期刊和会议记录中，对55篇选定的研究进行了详细的综述。我们使用两个国际标准化组织（ISO）标准（29100和27002）分析了审查结果，以巩固研究结果。结果：通过此过程，我们确定了13种对EHR的安全性和隐私至关重要的功能。这些措施包括系统和应用程序访问控制，对安全要求的遵从性，互操作性，集成和共享，同意和选择机制，策略和法规，适用性和可伸缩性以及加密技术。结论：这篇综述强调了技术功能的重要性，包括强制性的访问控制策略和同意机制，对患者的同意，通过适当的体系结构和框架的可扩展性以及健康信息系统的互操作性，以符合EHR安全和隐私要求。

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