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首页> 外文期刊>The International journal of drug policy >Reform by subtraction: The path of denunciation of international drug treaties and reaccession with reservations
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Reform by subtraction: The path of denunciation of international drug treaties and reaccession with reservations

机译：减法改革：退出国际毒品条约和保留加入的途径

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Almost all countries are parties to the international drug conventions of 1961, 1971 and 1988. These strongly bind parties with respect to their domestic regulation of controlled substances, including requirements that possession, growing or use be a criminal offense and that any regulated market in the substances be limited to use only for medical or scientific purposes. Even where countries have argued they have " wiggle room" reform within the bounds of the conventions has often resulted in " net-widening" which nullifies the intent of the reform. Among the options for effective reform, probably the most immediately viable is the route of denunciation and reaccession with reservations - the route which Bolivia has now taken in order to legalise a regulated domestic market in coca leaves for chewing. The paper considers the existing record of reservations (by more than 30 parties to each of the conventions). Also discussed are the options for response to the reservations by other parties, which vary between the treaties, and how pursuing the option of denunciation and reaccession with reservation might potentially play out.
机译：几乎所有国家都是1961年，1971年和1988年国际毒品公约的缔约国。这些缔约国在对其受控物质的国内管制方面具有强烈的约束力，其中包括要求拥有，生长或使用为刑事犯罪，以及在该管制区内的任何管制市场这些物质仅限于医疗或科研用途。即使在国家认为它们在公约范围内进行“摆动室”的改革中，也常常导致“网络扩大”，从而使改革的意图无效。在有效改革的备选方案中，最直接可行的选择可能是退出和保留加入的途径-玻利维亚现在采取的途径，以使受管制的古柯叶国内市场合法化。该文件考虑了保留的现有记录（每个公约有30多个缔约方）。还讨论了针对其他当事方对保留作出回应的选择，这些选择因条约而异，以及追求保留的退出和重新加入的选择可能如何发挥作用。

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