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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of adhesive dentistry >Adhesion of resin materials to S2-glass unidirectional and E-glass multidirectional fiber reinforced composites: effect of polymerization sequence protocols.
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Adhesion of resin materials to S2-glass unidirectional and E-glass multidirectional fiber reinforced composites: effect of polymerization sequence protocols.

机译：树脂材料对S2玻璃单向和E玻璃多向纤维增强复合材料的粘合：聚合顺序协议的影响。

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摘要

To evaluate the effect of different polymerization sequences employed during application of bis-GMAbased particulate filler composites (PFC) or a flowable resin (FR) on fiber-reinforced composite (FRC).Unidirectional, pre-impregnated S2-glass fibers (Dentapreg) and multidirectional preimpregnated E-glass fibers (Dentapreg) (length: 40 mm; thickness: 0.5 mm) were obtained (N = 144, n = 12 per group) and embedded in translucent silicone material with the adhesion surface exposed. The resulting specimens were randomly divided into 12 groups for the following application sequences: a) FRC+PFC (photopolymerized in one step), b) FRC+FR (photopolymerized in one step), c) FRC+PFC (photopolymerized individually), d) FRC+FR (photopolymerized individually), e) FRC (photopolymerized)+intermediate adhesive resin and PFC (photopolymerized in one step), f) FRC (photopolymerized)+intermediate adhesive resin and FR (photopolymerized in one step). The sequences of unidirectional (groups a to f) were repeated for multidirectional (groups g to l) FRCs. PFCs were debonded from the FRC surfaces using the shear bond test in a universal testing machine (1 mm/min). On additional specimens from each FRC type, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to characterize the fiber weight content (Wf) (N = 6, n = 3 per group). After debonding, all specimens were analyzed using SEM to categorize the failure modes. The data were statistically analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05).Significant effects of the FRC type (S2 or E-glass) (p < 0.01), resin type (PFC or FR) (p < 0.01) and polymerization protocol (p < 0.05) were observed on the bond strength (MPa). Interaction terms were also significant (p < 0.05). The multidirectional FRC groups (g to l) showed significantly lower bond strengths (2.3 ± 0.2 to 7.3 ± 0.3 MPa) than did the unidirectional FRC groups (a to f) (10.7 ± 0.6 to 24.4 ± 0.8 MPa). Among the unidirectional FRC groups, the highest values were obtained with protocol f (24.4 ± 0.8), followed by protocol e (18.6 ± 0.4). PFC adhesion to unidirectional FRC was lower when FRC and PFC were polymerized in one step (protocol a: 11.3 ± 0.5) than individual polymerization (protocol c: 14.1 ± 0.5). The opposite situation was true for FR (protocol b: 17.5 ± 0.4; protocol d: 10.7 ± 0.6). Groups a to f presented exclusively mixed failures (a combination of partial cohesive failure in the PFC and adhesive failure between the FRC and PFC) and groups g to l demonstrated only adhesive failure (intact FRC no cohesive failure of PFC). TGA revealed 55 ± 3 wt% fiber content for multidirectional and 60 ± 3 wt% for unidirectional FRCs tested.Multidirectional pre-impregnated E-glass fibers cannot be recommended in combination with the PFC and FR materials tested in this study. Application of an intermediate adhesive resin layer increases the adhesion of both PFC and FR to unidirectional FRC. FRC and FR can be polymerized in one step, but FRC and PFC combinations should be polymerized individually.
机译：为了评估在基于双GMA的颗粒填料复合材料（PFC）或可流动树脂（FR）施加于纤维增强复合材料（FRC）期间采用的不同聚合顺序的影响。单向，预浸渍S2玻璃纤维（Dentapreg）和获得了多向预浸渍E玻璃纤维（Dentapreg）（长度：40 mm;厚度：0.5 mm）（N = 144，每组n = 12），并包埋在半透明的有机硅材料中，并使粘合表面暴露在外。将得到的样品按以下应用顺序随机分为12组：a）FRC + PFC（一步光聚合），b）FRC + FR（一步光聚合），c）FRC + PFC（单独光聚合），d ）FRC + FR（单独光聚合），e）FRC（光聚合）+中间粘合剂树脂和PFC（一步聚合），f）FRC（光聚合）+中间粘合剂树脂和FR（一步聚合）。对于多向（组g至l）FRC，重复单向（组a至f）的序列。使用万能测试机（1 mm / min）中的剪切粘合力测试，将PFC从FRC表面剥离。在每种FRC类型的其他样品上，进行热重分析（TGA）以表征纤维重量含量（Wf）（每组N = 6，n = 3）。脱胶后，使用SEM分析所有样品，以对破坏模式进行分类。使用三效方差分析和Tukey检验（α= 0.05）对数据进行统计分析.FRC类型（S2或E玻璃）（p <0.01），树脂类型（PFC或FR）（p <0.01）的显着影响结合强度（MPa）观察到聚合方案（p ＜0.05）。互动条件也很显着（p <0.05）。与单向FRC组（a至f）（10.7±0.6至24.4±0.8 MPa）相比，多向FRC组（g至l）的粘结强度（2.3±0.2至7.3±0.3 MPa）低得多。在单向FRC组中，使用协议f（24.4±0.8）可获得最高值，其次是协议e（18.6±0.4）。当FRC和PFC一步聚合（协议a：11.3±0.5）时，PFC对单向FRC的粘附性低于单独聚合（协议c：14.1±0.5）。对于FR，情况恰好相反（协议b：17.5±0.4;协议d：10.7±0.6）。组a至f仅出现混合破坏（PFC中的部分内聚破坏与FRC和PFC之间的粘结破坏的组合），而组g至l仅表现出粘结破坏（完整的FRC无PFC的粘结破坏）。 TGA显示，多方向纤维含​​量为55±3 wt％，单向FRCs为60±3 wt％，不能推荐将多方向预浸E-玻璃纤维与本研究中测试的PFC和FR材料结合使用。中间粘合树脂层的应用增加了PFC和FR对单向FRC的粘合。 FRC和FR可以一步聚合，但是FRC和PFC组合应单独聚合。

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