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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of adolescent health: official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine >U.S. adolescents receive suboptimal preventive counseling during ambulatory care.
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U.S. adolescents receive suboptimal preventive counseling during ambulatory care.

机译：美国青少年在非卧床护理期间接受的治疗预防效果欠佳。

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摘要

PURPOSE: To examine U.S. adolescents' (age 13-18) utilization of ambulatory care and the likelihood of receiving preventive counseling from 1993 through 2000. METHODS: The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey provided visit-based data on counseling services that occurred in private physician offices and hospital outpatient departments. Main outcome measures included adolescents' use of outpatient care and their likelihood of being counseled on 3 health promotion topics (i.e., diet, exercise, and growth/development) and 5 risk reduction topics (i.e., tobacco use/exposure, skin cancer prevention, injury prevention, family planning/contraception, and HIV/STD transmission). RESULTS: Adolescents had the lowest rates of outpatient visits among all age groups, with particularly low rates among boys and ethnic minorities. Most frequently, adolescent visits were for upper respiratory tract conditions, acne, routine medical or physical examinations, and, for girls, prenatal care. In 1997-2000, counseling services were documented for 39% (99% CI: 32-46%) of all adolescent general medical/physical examination (GME) visits. Diet [26% of GME visits (20-32%)] and exercise [22% (17-28%)] were the most frequent counseling topics. The counseling rates of the other six topics ranged from as low as 3 to 20%, with skin cancer prevention, HIV/STD transmission, and family planning/contraception ranking the lowest. These rates represented minimal improvements from 1993-1996 both in absolute term and in relation to the gaps between practices and recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents underutilize primary care, and even those who do receive care are underserved for their health counseling needs. The noted lack of change over time suggests that satisfactory improvement is unlikely unless substantial interventions are undertaken.
机译：目的：研究1993年至2000年美国青少年（13-18岁）对门诊的使用情况以及接受预防性咨询的可能性。方法：国家门诊医疗调查和国家医院门诊医疗调查提供了基于访问的数据私人医师办公室和医院门诊部门提供的咨询服务。主要结果指标包括青少年使用门诊护理的可能性，以及他们接受3个健康促进主题（即饮食，运动和生长/发育）和5个降低风险主题（即吸烟/接触，预防皮肤癌，预防伤害，计划生育/避孕以及HIV / STD传播）。结果：在所有年龄段中，青少年的门诊率最低，而男孩和少数民族中的门诊率特别低。青春期探访最常见的情况是上呼吸道疾病，痤疮，常规体检或体检，女童则进行产前检查。在1997-2000年期间，记录了所有青少年一般医学/体格检查（GME）访问中的39％（99％CI：32-46％）的咨询服务。饮食[GME探访的26％（20-32％）]和运动[22％（17-28％）]是最常见的咨询主题。其他六个主题的咨询率从3％到20％不等，其中预防皮肤癌，HIV / STD传播和计划生育/避孕的咨询率最低。这些比率在绝对意义上以及与实践和建议之间的差距方面，从1993年至1996年仅代表最小的改善。结论：青少年未充分利用初级保健，即使那些确实得到了保健的青少年，其健康咨询需求也得不到充分的服务。注意到随着时间的推移没有发生变化，这表明除非采取大量干预措施，否则不可能取得令人满意的改善。

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