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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Microtubule-dependent migration of the cell nucleus toward a future leading edge in amoebae of Physarum polycephalum
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Microtubule-dependent migration of the cell nucleus toward a future leading edge in amoebae of Physarum polycephalum

机译：细胞核的微管依赖性迁移向多头a草的变形虫的未来前沿发展

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In several cell types, an intriguing correlation exists between the position of the centrosome and the direction of cell locomotion. The centrosome is positioned between the leading edge pseudopod and the nucleus. This suggests that the polarized distribution of organelles in the cytoplasm is coupled spatially with structural and functional polarity in the cell cortex. To study cellular polarization with special interest in the roles of microtubules, we have analyzed the effects of microtubule-disrupting reagents and local laser irradiation on behaviors of both the nucleus and the centrosome in living amoebae of Physarum polycephalum. Physarum cells often have 2-3 pseudopods. One of the pseudopods keeps extending to become a stable leading edge while the rest retracts, a crucial step that reorients cells during locomotion. The nucleus, together with the centrosome, moves specifically toward the pseudopod that will become the leading edge. Disruption of microtubules with nocodazole randomizes positions of the nucleus, indicating the involvement of microtubules in the directional migration of the nucleus toward a specific pseudopod. The migration direction of the nucleus is reversed immediately after the UV laser is irradiated at regions between the nucleus and the future leading pseudopod. In contrast, irradiation at regions between the future tail and the nucleus does not affect nuclear migration. By immunofluorescence, we confirmed fragmentation of microtubules specifically in the irradiated region. These results suggest that the nucleus is pulled together with the centrosome toward the future leading-edge pseudopod in a microtubule-dependent manner. Microtubules seem to exert the pulling force generated in the cell cortex on the centrosome. They may serve as a mediator of shape changes initiated in the cell cortex to the organelle geometry in the endoplasm. [References: 37]
机译：在几种细胞类型中，中心体的位置与细胞运动的方向之间存在着令人着迷的相关性。中心体位于前缘假足和细胞核之间。这表明细胞质中细胞器的极化分布在空间上与细胞皮质中的结构和功能极性耦合。为了研究细胞极化对微管的作用特别感兴趣，我们分析了微管破坏剂和局部激光照射对多头Phys草活体变形虫中核和中心体行为的影响。 Phys细胞通常有2-3个假足。伪足之一不断延伸以成为稳定的前缘，而其余的则缩回，这是在运动过程中重新定向细胞的关键步骤。核与中心体一起特别向假足移动，假足将成为前缘。用诺考达唑破坏微管会使核的位置随机化，这表明微管参与了核向特定假足的定向迁移。在将紫外线激光照射到原子核和未来的前假足之间的区域后，原子核的迁移方向立即反转。相反，在未来尾巴和原子核之间的区域进行辐照不会影响核迁移。通过免疫荧光，我们证实了微管在辐射区域中的特异性断裂。这些结果表明细胞核与中心体一起以微管依赖性方式被拉向未来的前沿假足。微管似乎会在中心皮质上的细胞皮层中产生拉力。它们可以充当介导在细胞皮质中向内质中的细胞器几何形状引发的形状变化的介质。 [参考：37]

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