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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Pathogens, toxins, and lipid rafts
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Pathogens, toxins, and lipid rafts

机译：病原体，毒素和脂质筏

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The plasma membrane is not a uniform two-dimensional space hut includes various types of specialized regions containing specific lipids and proteins. These include clathrin-coated pits and caveolae. The existence of other cholesterol- and glycosphingolipid-rich microdomains has also been proposed. The aim of this review is to illustrate that these latter domains, also called lipid rafts, may he the preferential interaction sites between a variety of toxins, bacteria, and viruses and the target cell. These pathogens and toxins have hijacked components that are preferentially found in rafts, such as glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins. sphingomyelin, and cholesterol. These molecules not only allow binding of the pathogen or toxin to the proper target cell but also appear to potentiate the toxic action. We briefly review the structure and proposed functions of cholesterol- and glycosphingolipid-rich microdomains and then describe the toxins and pathogens that interact with them. When possible the advantage conferred by the interaction with microdomains will be discussed. [References: 63]
机译：质膜不是均匀的二维空间小屋，包括各种类型的包含特定脂质和蛋白质的专门区域。这些包括网格蛋白涂层的凹坑和小窝。还提出了其他富含胆固醇和鞘糖脂的微区的存在。这篇综述的目的是说明后面的这些域，也称为脂质筏，可能是各种毒素，细菌和病毒与靶细胞之间的优先相互作用位点。这些病原体和毒素具有劫持的成分，这些成分优先存在于木筏中，例如糖基磷脂酰肌醇固定的蛋白质。鞘磷脂和胆固醇。这些分子不仅使病原体或毒素与适当的靶细胞结合，而且似乎增强了毒性作用。我们简要回顾了富含胆固醇和糖鞘脂的微区的结构和功能，然后描述了与它们相互作用的毒素和病原体。如果可能，将讨论与微域相互作用所赋予的优势。 [参考：63]

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