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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >gamma-Tubulin localization changes from discrete polar organizers to anastral spindles and phragmoplasts in mitosis of Marchantia polymorpha L.
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gamma-Tubulin localization changes from discrete polar organizers to anastral spindles and phragmoplasts in mitosis of Marchantia polymorpha L.

机译：γ-微管蛋白的本地化从离散极性组织者到多形Marchantia L的有丝分裂中的吻合纺锤体和原生质体。

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摘要

Unlike the astral mitotic spindle that is organized at discrete centriolar centrosomes, the spindle of land plants is typically anastral and its origin has remained obscure. Gamma tubulin (gamma-tubulin), an important component of the centrosome, has been demonstrated at microtubule-nucleating sites in plant cells. Mitotic spindles of certain hepatics are initiated at distinct acentriolar polar organizers (POs) that appear de novo at the onset of mitosis. Data on the relationship of gamma-tubulin to POs and to microtubule arrays throughout the cell cycle were collected from rapidly dividing cells of Marchantia polymorpha (Bryophyta) that were triple-stained for gamma-tubulin, microtubules, and nuclei. POs at opposite ends of the elongated nucleus in early prophase stain brightly for gamma-tubulin and astral microtubules emanating from them initiate the spindle. As the spindle develops, however, the gamma-tubulin becomes dispersed from the highly concentrated spherical form of the POs to more diffusely organized cups at tips of the fusiform nucleus. By the end of prophase, all astral microtubules have disappeared and the gamma-tubulin is located in several minipoles along the now broad polar regions of the spindle. At metaphase, gamma-tubulin extends into the spindle itself. By telophase, the gamma-tubulin has migrated from distal to proximal surfaces of the sister nuclei and extends into the phragmoplast. Upon completion of cytokinesis, gamma-tubulin appears diminished and surrounds the nuclear envelopes. These data show that gamma-tubulin is only briefly concentrated in the PO, migrates in a cell-cycle-specific manner, and is consistently present at all putative sites of microtubule nucleation.
机译：与在离散的中心体中心体处组织的星状有丝分裂纺锤体不同，陆地植物的纺锤体通常是吻合的，并且其起源仍然不清楚。 γ微管蛋白（γ-微管蛋白）是中心体的重要组成部分，已在植物细胞的微管成核位点得到证实。某些肝脏的有丝分裂纺锤体在有丝分裂开始时从头出现的不同的绒毛极性组织者（PO）起始。 γ-微管蛋白与POs和微管阵列在整个细胞周期中的关系数据是从快速分裂的玛氏斑竹（Bryophyta）细胞中收集的，这些细胞对γ-微管蛋白，微管和细胞核进行了三重染色。早期前期细长核相对末端的POs会被γ-微管蛋白明亮地染色，从它们发出的星状微管会启动纺锤体。但是，随着纺锤体的发展，γ-微管蛋白从PO的高度浓缩的球形形式分散到梭形核尖端的组织更加分散的杯子中。在前期阶段结束时，所有星状微管都消失了，γ-微管蛋白沿着纺锤体的现在较宽的极性区域位于几个微极中。在中期，γ-微管蛋白延伸到纺锤体本身。到末期，γ-微管蛋白已经从姐妹核的远端表面迁移到近端表面，并延伸到睑板膜中。胞质分裂完成后，γ-微管蛋白似乎减少，并围绕核被膜。这些数据表明，γ-微管蛋白仅在PO中短暂浓缩，以细胞周期特异性方式迁移，并始终存在于微管成核的所有假定位点。

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