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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Autonomous changes in the orientation of cortical microtubules underlying the helicoidal cell wall of the sunflower hypocotyl epidermis: spatial variation translated into temporal changes
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Autonomous changes in the orientation of cortical microtubules underlying the helicoidal cell wall of the sunflower hypocotyl epidermis: spatial variation translated into temporal changes

机译：向日葵下胚轴表皮螺旋细胞壁下方的皮质微管方向的自主变化：空间变化转化为时间变化

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摘要

Angles ( M) at which parallel cortical microtubules (cMTs) were oriented with respect to the longitudinal direction were measured in Helianthus annuus hypocotyl epidermal cells. Histograms showing M frequencies in cell populations at the instant of epidermis fixation were obtained. Analysis of the histograms indicates that, in a particular position within a cell, the angle M changes periodically with time, i.e., there is a cycle of M change at that position. This cycle is most likely rotational rather than oscillatory, i.e., the change in M has a defined chirality ( clockwise or counterclockwise). The full diversity of histograms can be consistently explained by rotational cycles with a variable velocity of M change, and with a cMT rebuilding stage taking place at a different phase of the cycle. The rotational cycles also provide the simplest explanation of cMT arrays in which the angle M changes along a cell (fixed) and no parallel orientation of cMTs is apparent at a certain position. This explanation assumes a gradient in the phase of the rotational cycle along the cell. The symmetry of the angular characteristics of the rotational cycle, with respect to the morphological directions in cells, leads to the concept that these directions typically represent the principal directions of a certain tensor quantity, which may control the cycling. Possible interactions between the rotational cycle of cMT reorientation and the helicoidal cycle during cell wall formation are discussed.
机译：在向日葵下胚轴表皮细胞中测量平行皮质微管（cMT）相对于纵向方向的夹角（M）。获得显示表皮固定瞬间细胞群体中M频率的直方图。对直方图的分析表明，在单元内的特定位置，角度M随时间周期性变化，即，在该位置存在一个M周期变化。该循环很可能是旋转的而不是振荡的，即，M的变化具有限定的手性（顺时针或逆时针）。直方图的全部多样性可以通过具有可变M改变速度的旋转循环以及在循环的不同阶段进行的cMT重建阶段来一致地解释。旋转循环还提供了cMT阵列的最简单解释，其中角度M沿着一个单元（固定）发生变化，并且cMT的平行方向在某个位置上不明显。该解释假设沿着电池的旋转周期的相位梯度。旋转周期的角度特性相对于单元中的形态学方向的对称性导致了这样一个概念，即这些方向通常代表某个张量的主方向​​，可以控制循环。讨论了cMT重新定向的旋转循环与细胞壁形成过程中的螺旋循环之间可能的相互作用。

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