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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Root-to-shoot signalling: apoplastic alkalinization, a general stress response and defence factor in barley (Hordeum vulgare)
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Root-to-shoot signalling: apoplastic alkalinization, a general stress response and defence factor in barley (Hordeum vulgare)

机译：从根到茎的信号传导：大麦的质外性碱化，一般胁迫反应和防御因子（大麦）

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摘要

We used a noninvasive microprobe technique to record in substomatal cavities of barley leaves the apoplastic pH response to different stress situations. When K+ ( or Na+) activity at the roots of intact plants was increased from 1 to 50 mM, the leaf apoplastic pH increased by 0.4 to 0.6 units within 8 to 12 min when stomata were open, and within 15 to 20 min when stomata were closed. This reaction was accompanied by a correlative increase in K+ activity. Addition of 1 mu M abscisic acid caused an apoplastic alkalinization of 0.5 to 0.8 units, and low temperatures ( 4 degrees C) increased pH by 0.2 to 0.3 units. Addition of 100 mM sorbitol or pH changes in the range 4.0 to 7.9 had no effect, ruling out that osmotic potential and/ or pH is the carried signal. On detached leaves, the same treatments yielded qualitatively similar results, suggesting that the xylem is the most likely signal path. Following the attack of powdery mildew, the apoplastic pH of barley leaves substantially increases. We demonstrate that in susceptible barley, pretreatment ( soil drench) with the resistance-inducing chemical benzo(1,2,3) thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester markedly enhances this pH response. This is consistent with previous finding that apoplastic alkalinization is related to the degree of resistance towards this fungus.
机译：我们使用无创微探针技术记录了大麦叶片气孔下叶在不同压力情况下的质外pH反应。当完整植株根部的K +（或Na +）活性从1增加到50 mM时，气孔打开时8至12分钟内叶片质外体pH值增加0.4到0.6个单位，而气孔打开时15至20分钟内叶片质外性pH值增加。关闭。该反应伴随着K +活性的相关增加。添加1亩M脱落酸引起0.5至0.8单位的质外性碱化，低温（4摄氏度）将pH值提高0.2至0.3单位。添加100 mM山梨糖醇或pH值在4.0至7.9范围内变化均无影响，排除了渗透势和/或pH值是携带信号。在离体叶片上，相同的处理在质量上相似，这表明木质部是最可能的信号路径。白粉病侵袭后，大麦叶片的质外性pH值大大增加。我们证明，在易感的大麦中，用诱导抗性的化学物质苯并（1,2,3）噻二唑-7-硫代甲酸S-甲酯预处理（土壤浸湿）显着增强了此pH响应。这与以前的发现一致，即质外性碱化与对该真菌的抗性程度有关。

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