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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >The mobilization of defence mechanisms in the early stages of pea seed germination against Ascochyta pisi
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The mobilization of defence mechanisms in the early stages of pea seed germination against Ascochyta pisi

机译：动员豌豆种子萌发初期防御Ascochyta pisi的机制

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Ascochyta pisi is a necrotrophic pathogenic fungus, which mainly survives between seasons through infected seeds. Defence responses of pea embryo axes to A. pisi were investigated in the heterotrophic phase of seed germination and during the transition from the heterotrophic to the autotrophic phase. Germinated pea seeds, both non-inoculated and inoculated with A. pisi, were cultured in perlite for 96 h. Polarographic studies performed on intact embryo axes of germinating pea seeds infected with A. pisi showed a high respiratory intensity in time from 48 to 96 h after inoculation. Forty-eight-hour embryo axes of germinating pea seeds exhibited the highest respiration rate, which in infected axes was maintained at the following time points after inoculation. Moreover, at 72 and 96 h after inoculation, respiratory intensity was by 64% and 73% higher than in the control. Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis revealed a higher concentration of semiquinone free radicals with g values of g_({pipe}{pipe}) = 2. 0031 ± 0. 0004 and g_⊥ = 2. 0048 ± 0. 0004 in infected axes than in the control. Generation of superoxide anion radical was also higher in infected axes than in the control but stronger at 72 and 96 h after inoculation. Starting from 72 h after infection, the level of Mn~(2+) ions in infected axes decreased in relation to the control. At the same time, the highest activity of superoxide dismutase (EC 1. 15. 1. 1) and catalase (EC 1. 11. 1. 6) was observed in 72-h infected axes. In turn, the activity of peroxidase (EC 1. 11. 1. 7) up to 72 h after infection was lower than in the control. In 48-h infected embryo axes, a very high level of pterocarpan pisatin was observed. Infection of germinating pea seeds with A. pisi restricted mainly the growth of the epicotyl, but did not inhibit the increase in length and fresh weight of root embryo axes versus cultivation time. These results indicate that in pea during the stages of seed germination and early seedling growth, protective mechanisms are induced in embryo axes against A. pisi.
机译：Ascochyta pisi是一种坏死性病原性真菌，主要通过感染的种子在不同季节之间存活。在种子发芽的异养阶段和从异养阶段到自养阶段的过渡期，研究了豌豆胚轴对A. pisi的防御反应。将未接种和接种过A. pisi的发芽豌豆种子在珍珠岩中培养96小时。对感染豌豆的发芽豌豆种子完整胚轴进行的极谱研究表明，接种后48至96小时内呼吸强度较高。发芽的豌豆种子的48小时胚轴表现出最高的呼吸频率，在接种后的以下时间点，感染轴中的呼吸频率最高。而且，在接种后72和96小时，呼吸强度比对照分别高64％和73％。电子顺磁共振分析显示，受感染轴的g _（{pipe} {pipe}）= 2的g值具有更高的半醌自由基浓度。在被感染的轴中，0031±0. 0004和g_ 2. =2。0048±0. 0004。控制。超氧阴离子自由基的产生在被感染的轴上也比对照组高，但在接种后72和96小时更强。从感染后72小时开始，感染轴中的Mn〜（2+）离子水平相对于对照下降。同时，在被感染的72小时轴中观察到了最高的超氧化物歧化酶（EC 1. 15. 1. 1）和过氧化氢酶（EC 1. 11. 1. 6）的活性。反过来，感染后长达72 h的过氧化物酶（EC 1. 11 .. 7）的活性低于对照组。在感染后48小时的胚胎轴中，观察到非常高的罗汉果素含量。用豌豆曲霉感染发芽的豌豆种子主要限制了胚轴的生长，但没有抑制根胚轴的长度和新鲜重量随培养时间的增加。这些结果表明在豌豆的种子发芽和幼苗早期生长阶段，在胚轴中诱导了针对豌豆根瘤菌的保护机制。

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