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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Modulation of liver and kidney toxicity by herb Withania somnifera for silver nanoparticles: a novel approach for harmonizing between safety and use of nanoparticles
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Modulation of liver and kidney toxicity by herb Withania somnifera for silver nanoparticles: a novel approach for harmonizing between safety and use of nanoparticles

机译：草药Withania somnifera对银纳米粒子的肝肾毒性调节：在纳米粒子的安全性和使用之间进行协调的新方法

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In the present study, toxicity of nanoparticles is evaluated for assessing their effect on liver and kidney. We have synthesized highly mono-disperse spherical and rod-shaped silver nanoparticles using reverse microemulsion and aqueous phase methods. These were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometer, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscope confirming the formation of different sizes of spherical-shaped and rod-shaped silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Acute toxicity of different shapes and sizes of Ag NPs and their modulations by using Withania somnifera were evaluated through biochemical and histopathological changes in liver and kidney tissues of Wistar rats. We also evaluated cytotoxicity in specific murin macrophages through confocal microscopy. Cytotoxicity analysis indicates that median lethal dose (LD50) for 20, 50, and 100-nm size spherical and 100-nm rod-shaped Ag NPs was 0.25, 0.35, 0.35, and 0.35 mg/ml, respectively. We also calculated clinically important protein concentration to illustrate the efficacy of Ag nanomaterials. These studies indicated that 20, 50, and 100-nm spherical Ag NPs (35 mg/kg, 23 days) increased the biochemically important enzymes and substrate levels glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine, and urea concentration in serum, showing liver and kidney tissue damage. After 23 days of treatment of Ag NPs (20, 50, and 100 nm spherical), along with W. somnifera, toxicity of Ag NPs significantly decreased and marginalized. However, no significant changes were observed for 100-nm rod-shaped Ag NPs on normal liver and kidney architecture. Given their low toxic effects and high uptake efficiency, these have a promising potential as to lower the toxicity of Ag NPs.
机译：在本研究中，评估了纳米颗粒的毒性，以评估其对肝脏和肾脏的作用。我们已经使用反向微乳液和水相方法合成了高度单分散的球形和棒状银纳米颗粒。通过紫外可见分光光度计，动态光散射和透射电子显微镜对它们进行了表征，证实了不同大小的球形和棒状银纳米颗粒（Ag NPs）的形成。通过Wistar大鼠肝脏和肾脏组织的生化和组织病理学变化，评估了不同形状和大小的Ag NP的急性毒性及其通过Withania Smnifera的调节作用。我们还通过共聚焦显微镜评估了特定黏蛋白巨噬细胞的细胞毒性。细胞毒性分析表明，20、50和100 nm大小的球形和100 nm杆状Ag NP的中值致死剂量（LD50）分别为0.25、0.35、0.35和0.35 mg / ml。我们还计算了临床上重要的蛋白质浓度，以说明Ag纳米材料的功效。这些研究表明20、50和100 nm球形Ag NPs（35 mg / kg，23天）增加了生化重要的酶和底物水平，谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶（GOT），谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶（GPT），碱性磷酸酶（ALP） ），血清中的肌酐和尿素浓度，显示肝肾组织受损。在对Ag NPs（球形，20、50和100 nm球形）和W. somnifera进行23天的治疗后，Ag NPs的毒性显着降低并边缘化。但是，对于正常的肝和肾结构，没有观察到100 nm棒状Ag NP的显着变化。鉴于它们的低毒效应和高吸收效率，它们在降低银纳米颗粒的毒性方面具有广阔的前景。

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