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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >NO is involved in spermidine-induced drought tolerance in white clover via activation of antioxidant enzymes and genes
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NO is involved in spermidine-induced drought tolerance in white clover via activation of antioxidant enzymes and genes

机译：NO通过激活抗氧化酶和基因而参与亚精胺诱导的白三叶草抗旱性

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摘要

Nitric oxide (NO), a key signaling molecule, can be induced by polyamines (PAs), which play an important role in improving drought tolerance in plants. This study was to further investigate the role of NO in spermidine (Spd)-induced drought tolerance associated with antioxidant defense in leaves of white clover (Trifolium repens) under drought stress induced by -0.3 MPa polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) solution. A hydroponic growth method was used for cultivating plants in a controlled growth chamber for 30-33 days until the second leaves were fully expanded. Two relative independent experiments were carried out in our study. One is that exogenous application of Spd or an NO donor (sodium nitroprusside (SNP)) significantly improved drought tolerance in whole plants, as demonstrated by better phenotypic appearance, increased relative water content (RWC), and decreased electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves as compared to untreated plants. For another detached leaf experiment, PEG induced an increase in the generation of NO in cells and significantly improved activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS). These responses could be blocked by pre-treatment with a Spd biosynthetic inhibitor, dicyclohexyl amine (DCHA), and then reversed by application of exogenous Spd. Meanwhile, PEG induced up-regulation of activities and gene transcript levels of corresponding antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) to varying degrees, while these effects were partially blocked by pre-treatment with DCHA, the scavenger of NO, the inhibitors of NR or NOS. In addition, Spd-induced antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression also could be effectively inhibited by an NO scavenger as well as inhibitors of NR and NOS. These findings suggest that both Spd and NO can enhance drought tolerance. Spd was involved in drought stress-activated NR and NOS pathways associated with NO release, which mediated antioxidant defense and thus contributed to drought tolerance in white clover.
机译：一氧化氮（NO）是关键信号分子，可被多胺（PAs）诱导，多胺在提高植物的耐旱性中起重要作用。这项研究旨在进一步研究NO在-0.3 MPa聚乙二醇（PEG-6000）溶液诱导的干旱胁迫下，在亚精胺（Spd）诱导的与三叶草（Trifolium repens）叶片抗氧化防御相关的干旱耐受性中的作用。水培生长方法用于在受控生长室内培养植物30-33天，直到第二片叶子完全膨大。在我们的研究中进行了两个相对独立的实验。一种是外源施用Spd或NO供体（硝普钠（SNP））显着改善了整个植物的耐旱性，表现出更好的表型外观，相对水含量（RWC）增加，电解质泄漏（EL）和丙二醛减少与未处理植物相比，叶片中的（MDA）含量。在另一个独立的叶片实验中，PEG诱导了细胞内NO生成的增加，并显着提高了硝酸还原酶（NR）和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）的活性。这些反应可以通过用Spd生物合成抑制剂二环己胺（DCHA）进行预处理来阻断，然后通过施加外源Spd来逆转。同时，PEG诱导了相应抗氧化剂酶（包括超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶（CAT），过氧化物酶（POD）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX））的活性和基因转录水平的上调程度不同，但这些影响部分是通过用DCHA，NO清除剂，NR或NOS抑制剂进行预处理来阻断。另外，NO清除剂以及NR和NOS的抑制剂也可以有效抑制Spd诱导的抗氧化酶活性和基因表达。这些发现表明Spd和NO均可增强抗旱性。 Spd参与了干旱胁迫激活的与NO释放相关的NR和NOS途径，这些途径介导了抗氧化防御，因此有助于白三叶草的耐旱性。

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