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外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology
>STUDIES ON INITIATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE PARTNER ASSOCIATION IN GEOSIPHON PYRIFORME (KUTZ) V WETTSTEIN, A UNIQUE ENDOCYTOBIOTIC SYSTEM OF A FUNGUS (GLOMALES) AND THE CYANOBACTERIUM NOSTOC PUNCTIFORME (KUTZ) HARIOT
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STUDIES ON INITIATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE PARTNER ASSOCIATION IN GEOSIPHON PYRIFORME (KUTZ) V WETTSTEIN, A UNIQUE ENDOCYTOBIOTIC SYSTEM OF A FUNGUS (GLOMALES) AND THE CYANOBACTERIUM NOSTOC PUNCTIFORME (KUTZ) HARIOT
Phagocytosis of Nostoc filaments by Geosiphon, a fungus closely related to AM forming Glomales, was observed under light microscopes. Incorporation can only be performed if Nostoc primordia come into contact with growing hyphal rips of the fungus. The fungal wall just below the apex softens, and fungal cytoplasm is bulged out repeatedly covering the vegetative Nostoc cells but not the heterocytes. New heterocytes are differentiated by the internalised filament whose cells can increase up to ten times in volume after recovering from incorporation strain. The Nostoc cells are coated stepwise by short finger-shaped protuberances of the fungal hypha. These hernia-like outgrowths first remain separated, after 1 to 2 days they merge. Adjacent hyphal walls inside the complex covering disintegrate. Periphal fungal wall portions are united to form a smooth strong outer envelope. Internalisation is categorised as phagocytosis. The partnership is partly specific, Nostoc strains capable of living endocytobiotically are often partners in other symbioses besides Geosiphon. [References: 24]
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