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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology: Official Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacology >Pharmacological aspects and potential new clinical applications of ketamine: reevaluation of an old drug.
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Pharmacological aspects and potential new clinical applications of ketamine: reevaluation of an old drug.

机译：氯胺酮的药理作用和潜在的新临床应用：旧药的重新评估。

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摘要

Ketamine, the phencyclidine derivative described in 1965, is an intravenous anesthetic with a variety of applications. The enthusiasm following its initial release subsided due to side effects from the central nervous system. New anesthetics limited the role of ketamine in anesthetic practice. However, its hemodynamically stable profile, along with its beneficial respiratory properties and analgesic potency, rendered the drug invaluable in battlefield medicine, sedation of the uncooperative child, analgesia, and sedation in burn units. Reevaluation, though, of analgesic properties of ketamine resulted in new interest regarding its use in perioperative and chronic pain management. Moreover, recent studies in the effects of the substance on intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow led to revising the recommendation against its use in brain injury. Furthermore, the bronchodilating effects of the substance led to increasing interest for potential use in asthma treatment. In addition, separation of the 2 enantiomers and subsequent separate studies indicated beneficial results of the S(+) one. Thus, new controlled multicentered clinical trials are to be conducted to justify approval for new uses of ketamine and take advantage of its unique range of applications.
机译：氯胺酮是1965年描述的苯环利定衍生物，是一种静脉麻醉剂，具有多种应用。由于中枢神经系统的副作用，初次发行后的热情消退了。新的麻醉剂限制了氯胺酮在麻醉实践中的作用。但是，它的血液动力学稳定特性以及有益的呼吸特性和止痛效果使该药物在战场医学，不合作的儿童镇静，镇痛和烧伤部位镇静中具有无价的价值。但是，氯胺酮止痛特性的重新评估引起了人们对其在围手术期和慢性疼痛治疗中的使用的新兴趣。此外，最近对该物质对颅内压和脑血流量的影响的研究导致对该建议的修改，以反对在脑损伤中的使用。此外，该物质的支气管扩张作用导致对潜在用于哮喘治疗的兴趣增加。此外，两种对映体的分离和随后的单独研究表明S（+）一种对映体的有益结果。因此，将进行新的受控多中心临床试验，以证明批准氯胺酮的新用途并利用其独特的应用范围。

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