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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of clinical psychiatry >New molecular targets for antianxiety interventions.
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New molecular targets for antianxiety interventions.

机译：抗焦虑干预的新分子靶标。

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摘要

Recent advances in neuroscience and understanding in the etiology of anxiety have led researchers to new targets for treatments that are proving to be at least as effective as benzodiazepines, which have been the traditional treatment for anxiety for over 40 years. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system has long been targeted in anxiety interventions via benzodiazepines, but better understanding of its role in anxiety disorders has led to the development of partial benzodiazepine-GABA receptor antagonists and agents that target specific subunits of the GABA-A receptor and that manipulate GABA levels. The recognition that antidepressants are effective in anxiety even in nondepressed patients has caused researchers to develop antianxiety agents that affect the serotonin and norepinephrine systems. Other neurotransmitter systems such as corticotropin-releasing factor and substance P appear to be abnormally regulated in patients with anxiety disorders, so antagonists of these neurotransmitters may proveto be beneficial anxiolytics. Meanwhile, antistress and antianxiety effects through neurogenesis may be possible with the use of agents that decrease glutamate neurotransmission, such as metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists. Finally, the stimulation of neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which appears to enhance neurogenesis, may also prove to have anxiolytic effects.
机译：神经科学的最新进展和对焦虑病因学的了解已使研究人员找到了新的治疗目标，事实证明，该治疗至少与苯二氮卓一样有效，而苯二氮卓是治疗焦虑症的传统方法已有40多年了。 γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）系统长期以来一直是通过苯二氮卓类药物进行焦虑干预的靶标，但是对它在焦虑症中的作用的更好理解导致了部分苯二氮卓-GABA受体拮抗剂和针对GABA-受体，操纵GABA的水平。抗抑郁药即使在非抑郁症患者中也能有效治疗焦虑症，这一认识已导致研究人员开发出影响5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素系统的抗焦虑药。其他神经递质系统，例如促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子和P物质在患有焦虑症的患者中似乎受到异常调节，因此这些神经递质的拮抗剂可能被证明是有益的抗焦虑药。同时，通过使用减少谷氨酸神经传递的药物，例如代谢型谷氨酸受体激动剂，可能通过神经发生产生抗应激和抗焦虑作用。最后，刺激似乎可以增强神经发生的神经营养因子，例如脑源性神经营养因子，也可能具有抗焦虑作用。

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