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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of clinical psychiatry >Posttraumatic stress disorder as a result of mass trauma.
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Posttraumatic stress disorder as a result of mass trauma.

机译：创伤造成的创伤后应激障碍。

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There is a large body of literature on the psychological consequences of trauma experienced by individuals, but there are few studies of the acute and long-term effects of mass trauma on victimized communities. Acute stress reactions are expected, and overall resilience in the aftermath of major disasters is the rule rather than the exception. However, the available literature on mass trauma suggests that certain factors may provide clues to identifying persons at greater risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The severity of the trauma and the accessibility of support systems may affect long-term outcome. In industrialized countries, mass violence caused by malicious human intent may be a more virulent precursor to PTSD than other types of mass trauma, such as technological or natural disasters. School-aged children, women, persons with existing psychiatric illness, those who experienced significant losses or threat to life, those who have insufficient psychological and social support systems,and persons who exhibit symptoms of functional impairment may be at greater risk for PTSD. The findings of a population study of 2 traumatized communities are discussed. Early intervention in communities suffering mass trauma should consist of general support and bolstering of the recovery environment rather than psychological treatment; some forms of early psychological interventions may worsen outcome. There is a great unmet need for treatment and intervention guidelines for victims of mass trauma, and well-designed studies are warranted.
机译：关于个人遭受创伤的心理后果的文献很多，但是关于大规模创伤对受害社区的急性和长期影响的研究很少。预计会出现急性压力反应，大灾后的总体应变能力是规则，而不是例外。但是，有关大规模创伤的现有文献表明，某些因素可能为识别有较高创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）风险的人提供线索。创伤的严重程度和支持系统的可及性可能会影响长期结果。在工业化国家，与其他类型的大规模创伤（例如技术或自然灾害）相比，由恶意的人为意图引起的大规模暴力可能是PTSD更具毒性的先兆。学龄儿童，妇女，患有精神疾病的人，遭受重大损失或生命威胁的人，心理和社会支持系统不足的人以及表现出功能障碍症状的人可能有更大的PTSD风险。讨论了2个受灾社区的人口研究结果。对遭受大规模创伤的社区的早期干预应包括普遍支持和支持恢复环境，而不是心理治疗;某些形式的早期心理干预可能会使结果恶化。对于大规模创伤受害者的治疗和干预指南存在亟待解决的问题，因此，精心设计的研究是必要的。

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