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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Mathematical Sociology >EVALUATING EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY WITHIN EDUCATIONAL EXPANSION: A FORMAL COMPARISON BETWEEN ODDS RATIO AND THE EDUCATIONAL GINI COEFFICIENT
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EVALUATING EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY WITHIN EDUCATIONAL EXPANSION: A FORMAL COMPARISON BETWEEN ODDS RATIO AND THE EDUCATIONAL GINI COEFFICIENT

机译：在教育扩展中评估教育不平等：ODDS比率与教育基尼系数之间的正式比较

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摘要

Odds ratio (OR) and the educational Gini coefficient (EGINI) defined on a specific social grouping scheme can both be used to gauge educational inequality. In this study, we systematically review the scholarship that underpins the utilities of OR and EGINI and evaluate their properties across four research scenarios of allocating newly created opportunities under educational expansion. Formal analyses suggest that (1) both OR and EGINI monotonically increase (decrease) if the newly created educational positions are entirely delivered to the upper (lower) class. However, the rate of change differs between OR and EGINI. (2) When educational opportunities within expansion are allocated according to the relative populations of social classes, the probabilities of upper and lower classes to receive better education rise by the same extent, suggesting that all social classes benefit from the proliferation of educational credentials. This would drive down the EGINI, but change in OR is not monotonic. (3) EGINI remains unchanged if the newly created educational opportunities are allocated based on the initial class composition of better educated individuals before educational expansion. However, OR is driven to increase by the Matthew Effect where the increment in educational probability for the upper class is larger than that for the lower class. The discrepancy of empirical patterns between OR and EGINI is explained, and the practical implications are discussed using a case study of the educational policy evaluation in Britain.
机译：在特定的社会分组方案上定义的赔率（OR）和教育基尼系数（EGINI）均可用于评估教育不平等。在这项研究中，我们系统地审查了支持OR和EGINI效用的奖学金，并评估了在教育扩展下分配新创造的机会的四个研究方案中它们的特性。形式分析表明：（1）如果新创建的教育职位完全交付给上层（下层），则OR和EGINI都单调增加（减少）。但是，OR和EGINI之间的变化率不同。 （2）如果根据社会阶层的相对人口来分配扩展范围内的教育机会，那么上层阶级和下层阶级接受更好教育的可能性就会增加相同的程度，这表明所有社会阶层都将从教育资格的扩散中受益。这将降低EGINI，但是OR的变化不是单调的。 （3）如果在教育扩展之前根据受过良好教育的个人的初始班级构成分配新创建的教育机会，则EGINI保持不变。但是，马修效应驱动OR的增加，其中上层阶级的受教育概率的增长大于下层阶级的受教育概率的增长。解释了OR和EGINI之间经验模式的差异，并通过对英国教育政策评估的案例研究来讨论了实际含义。

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