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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of clinical psychiatry >Pharmacologic approaches to the management of alcoholism.
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Pharmacologic approaches to the management of alcoholism.

机译：酒精中毒管理的药理方法。

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摘要

Our understanding of alcohol craving, both as a cause for chronic abuse and relapse and as a target for intervention, has been refined significantly in recent years. For example, craving experienced during alcohol withdrawal may be mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate receptor mechanisms, whereas the memory of the rewarding aspects of alcohol may be mediated by dopamine, opiate, and glutamate systems. Therefore, pharmacologic treatments for alcohol dependence may be targeted to numerous pathways. This article will discuss animal and clinical studies of the opioid antagonists (primarily naltrexone), acamprosate, and disulfiram. The side effects and treatment recommendations for each drug will also be reviewed.
机译：近年来，我们对酒精渴求的理解得到了极大的改善，酒精渴望既是导致长期滥用和复发的原因，又是干预的目标。例如，戒酒期间经历的渴望可能是由γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和谷氨酸受体机制介导的，而对酒精有益方面的记忆可能是由多巴胺，阿片和谷氨酸系统介导的。因此，酒精依赖的药物治疗可能针对多种途径。本文将讨论阿片类药物拮抗剂（主要是纳曲酮），阿坎酸和双硫仑的动物和临床研究。每种药物的副作用和治疗建议也将进行审查。

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