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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Ecology >A demographic menage a trois: interactions between disturbances both amplify and dampen population dynamics of an endemic plant
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A demographic menage a trois: interactions between disturbances both amplify and dampen population dynamics of an endemic plant

机译：人口统计学的论点：干扰之间的相互作用既放大又抑制了当地特有植物的种群动态

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Natural and anthropogenic disturbances co-occur in most systems, but how they interact to shape demographic outcomes remains poorly understood. Such interactions may alter dynamics of populations in non-additive ways, making demographic predictions challenging when focusing on only one disturbance. Thus, understanding the interactive effects of such disturbances is critically important to determine the population viability of most species under a diversity of stressors. We used a hierarchical integral projection model (IPM), parameterized with 13years of field data across 20 populations, encompassing 2435 individuals of an endangered herb, Liatris ohlingerae. We examined interactive effects of vertebrate herbivory, fire and anthropogenic activities (sand roads) on vital rates (e.g. survival, growth, reproduction, recruitment) and ultimately on population growth rates (), to test the hypothesis that interactions amplify or dampen differences in depending on environmental contexts. We constructed megamatrices to determine coupled dynamics in individuals damaged vs. not damaged by herbivores in roadsides and in Florida scrub with different times since fire. We identified strong interactive effects of fire with herbivory and habitat with herbivory on vital rates and on population growth rates in the IPM model. We also found different patterns of variation in between habitat and time-since-fire scenarios; population growth rates were higher in roadside populations compared to scrub populations and declined with increasing time since fire. Herbivory had interactive effects with both fire and human disturbances on . Herbivory resulted in decreased differences in due to anthropogenic disturbance and slightly increased differences in due to time since fire.Synthesis. The co-occurrence of various disturbances may both amplify and dampen the effects of other disturbances on population growth rate, thus shaping complex population dynamics that are neither linear nor additive. These realistic nonlinearities represent challenges in understanding and projecting of population dynamics. Here, we examined the effects of various sources of disturbance on the population dynamics of an endangered plant species, finding complex interactions affecting population growth rates. We argue that integration of multiple, interacting stressors in IPMs will allow more accurate estimation of the overall effects of ecological processes on species viability.
机译：在大多数系统中，自然和人为干扰同时发生，但人们对它们如何相互作用以影响人口统计结果的了解仍然很少。这样的相互作用可能以非加性的方式改变种群的动态，使得当只关注一种干扰时，人口统计学的预测就具有挑战性。因此，了解此类干扰的相互作用对确定大多数种类在多种应激源下的种群生存力至关重要。我们使用了分层积分投影模型（IPM），其参数化来自20个种群的13年实地数据，涵盖了2435个濒临灭绝的药草-香茅（Liatris ohlingerae）。我们研究了脊椎动物的食草，火和人为活动（沙路）对生命率（例如生存，生长，繁殖，募集）以及最终对种群增长率（）的相互作用的影响，以检验相互作用放大或减弱差异的假设。在环境方面。我们构建了巨型矩阵，以确定火灾发生后不同时间在路边和佛罗里达灌木丛中受草食动物破坏与未受到破坏的个体的耦合动力学。在IPM模型中，我们发现了以草食为生的火与以草食为生的生境对生命率和人口增长率的强烈交互作用。我们还发现了生境和火灾以来的情景之间的不同变化模式。与灌木林种群相比，路边种群的人口增长率更高，并且自火灾以来时间的增加而下降。草食对火和人为干扰具有交互作用。食草导致的人为干扰导致的差异减少，而自火后的时间导致的差异略有增加。各种干扰的共存可能会放大并减弱其他干扰对人口增长率的影响，从而形成既不是线性也不是累加的复杂人口动态。这些现实的非线性代表了对人口动态的理解和预测方面的挑战。在这里，我们研究了各种干扰源对濒危植物物种种群动态的影响，发现了影响种群增长率的复杂相互作用。我们认为IPM中多个相互作用的应激源的整合将允许更准确地估计生态过程对物种生存力的总体影响。

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