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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of medicine and philosophy >Why public moralities matter-the relevance of socioempirical premises for the ethical debate on organ markets
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Why public moralities matter-the relevance of socioempirical premises for the ethical debate on organ markets

机译：为什么公共道德很重要-关于器官市场的伦理辩论的社会经验前提的相关性

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摘要

The ongoing bioethical debate about organ markets rests not only on theoretical premises, but also on assumptions regarding public views of and attitudes toward organ donation that need closer socioempirical examination. Summarizing results from our previous qualitative social research in this field, this paper illustrates the ethical significance of such public moralities in two respects: On one hand, it analyzes the implicit bias of the common rhetoric of "organ scarcity" which motivates much of the commercialization debate. On the other hand, it explores the blind spots of the paradigm of "altruistic donation" which informs many arguments against commercialization. We conclude that the ethical discourse has to appreciate the social nature of organ donation as a reciprocal interaction between different parties with irreducibly different but equally relevant viewpoints. We criticize the neglect of such well-founded public considerations in certain philosophical-ethical approaches and stress the need for further systematic and comparative socioempirical studies about peoples' actual perspectives in bioethics.
机译：正在进行的有关器官市场的生物伦理学辩论不仅基于理论前提，而且还基于需要更深入的社会经验检验的关于器官捐赠的公众观点和态度的假设。总结我们先前在该领域进行的定性社会研究的结果，本文从两个方面阐述了这种公共道德的伦理意义：一方面，它分析了“器官匮乏”的常见措辞的内在偏见，这种偏见激发了许多商业化的动机。辩论。另一方面，它探索了“利他捐赠”范式的盲点，这种盲点为许多反对商业化的争论提供了依据。我们得出的结论是，道德话语必须欣赏器官捐赠的社会性质，因为器官捐赠是具有不可否认的不同但同样相关的观点的各方之间的相互互动。我们批评某些哲学伦理学方法忽视了这种有充分根据的公共考虑，并强调需要对人们的生物伦理学实际观点进行进一步的系统和比较性社会经验研究。

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