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首页> 外文期刊>Quarterly Journal of Forestry >THE ROLES OF TREE BREEDING AND SILVICULTURE IN DISEASE CONTROL
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THE ROLES OF TREE BREEDING AND SILVICULTURE IN DISEASE CONTROL

机译：树种和树种在疾病控制中的作用

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摘要

Our coverage of the Tree Diseases conference continues with a discussion by Karen Russell and Peter Savill on how the breeding and care of trees impacts on their resistance to pests and diseases. The views given in this paper are those of a tree breeder who has become a practicing forester and a silviculturist. Neither of us specialises in tree diseases but for both tree health is of primary importance. Plant breeding whether on trees, cereals or other crops is an applied, multidisciplinary science.It is the application of genetic principles and practices associated with the development of cultivars more suited to the needs of humans than the ability to survive in the wild - with the possible exception of forest tree breeding. It uses knowledge from agronomy, botany, genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, physiology, pathology, entomology, biochemistry, and statistics (Schlegel, 2003). Of particular importance is the ability to transfer, in addition to major genes, large suites of genes thatcondition quantitative traits such as productivity and others of interest to humans. On average, around 50% of crop productivity increases can be attributed to genetic improvement (Fehr, 1984).
机译：卡伦·罗素（Karen Russell）和彼得·萨维尔（Peter Savill）继续讨论树木疾病会议，讨论树木的育种和护理如何影响树木对病虫害的抵抗力。本文给出的观点是树木育种者的观点，他们已成为一名实践性的林务员和造林者。我们俩都没有专门从事树木疾病的研究，但是对于两者而言，树木的健康至关重要。无论是在树木，谷物还是其他农作物上进行植物育种都是一门实用的多学科科学，它是与遗传育种品种相关的遗传原理和实践的应用，比在野外生存的能力更适合人类的需求-林木育种的可能例外。它利用了农学，植物学，遗传学，细胞遗传学，分子遗传学，生理学，病理学，昆虫学，生物化学和统计学方面的知识（Schlegel，2003）。除主要基因外，转移重要基因的能力尤其重要，这些基因可以调节数量特征，例如生产力和人类感兴趣的其他特征。平均而言，大约50％的作物生产力提高可归因于遗传改良（Fehr，1984年）。

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