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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of investigative dermatology. >Broad-spectrum sunscreens provide better protection from the suppression of the elicitation phase of delayed-type hypersensitivity response in humans.
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Broad-spectrum sunscreens provide better protection from the suppression of the elicitation phase of delayed-type hypersensitivity response in humans.

机译：广谱防晒霜可更好地保护人类，防止其抑制人类迟发型超敏反应的诱发阶段。

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摘要

It is well established that ultraviolet radiation has immunomodulatory effects that may be involved in skin cancer. Recent studies have shown that ultraviolet A radiation (320-400 nm) as well as ultraviolet B (290-320 nm) is immunosuppressive. This means sunscreens that mainly absorb ultraviolet B (protection against erythema) may be less effective in preventing ultraviolet radiation-induced immunosuppression than broad-spectrum products. We have studied the effects of ultraviolet A exposure on the human delayed-type hypersensitivity response and compared the efficacy of sunscreens having different levels of ultraviolet A protection under both solar-simulated radiation and outdoor real-life solar exposure conditions. Delayed-type hypersensitivity was assessed using recall antigens. In a first study, two groups of volunteers were exposed to ultraviolet A (either full spectrum ultraviolet A or ultraviolet A1) without prior application of sunscreen and they were shown to exhibit significantly reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity responses. In order to compare the efficacy of sunscreens in preventing photoimmunosuppression, three groups of subjects received 10 cumulative exposures to solar-simulated radiation; one group was exposed unprotected and the other two were exposed after being applied either a ultraviolet B or a broad-spectrum sunscreen, each with the same sun protection factor 9, but with different ultraviolet A protection factors 9 and 2. Then, an outdoor study was conducted in which delayed-type hypersensitivity was assessed before and after six daily exposures. Two different groups of subjects were treated with one of two sunscreens having the same sun protection factor 25 but different ultraviolet A-protection factors. In unprotected volunteers, responses to delayed-type hypersensitivity tests were significantly reduced irrespective of ultraviolet exposure conditions (full spectrum ultraviolet A, ultraviolet A1, solar-simulated radiation). The ultraviolet B sunscreen failed to protect from solar- simulated radiation-induced immunosuppression. In contrast, the broad-spectrum sunscreen having the same sun protection factor but providing high protection in the ultraviolet A range significantly reduced local ultraviolet-induced immunosuppression and prevented the distal effects. In the outdoor study, as compared with delayed-type hypersensitivity responses obtained before sun exposure, no alteration of immune response was detected when the skin was protected by broad-spectrum sunscreen sun protection factor 25 and ultraviolet A-protection factor 14. Conversely, a broad-spectrum sunscreen sun protection factor 25 ultraviolet A-protection factor 6 failed to protect against the sun-impaired response. The above studies clearly demonstrate the role of ultraviolet A in the induction of photoimmunosuppression together with the need for sunscreen products providing efficient photoprotection throughout the entire ultraviolet spectrum.
机译：众所周知，紫外线具有可能与皮肤癌有关的免疫调节作用。最近的研究表明，紫外线A辐射（320-400 nm）和紫外线B（290-320 nm）具有免疫抑制作用。这意味着主要吸收紫外线B（防止红斑）的防晒霜在预防紫外线辐射引起的免疫抑制方面可能不如广谱产品有效。我们研究了紫外线A暴露对人的迟发型超敏反应的影响，并比较了在太阳模拟辐射和户外实际太阳暴露条件下具有不同紫外线A防护水平的防晒霜的功效。使用召回抗原评估迟发型超敏反应。在第一个研究中，两组志愿者在未事先涂防晒霜的情况下暴露于紫外线A（全光谱紫外线A或紫外线A1），并且显示出明显减少的迟发型超敏反应。为了比较防晒霜在防止光免疫抑制方面的功效，三组受试者接受了10次太阳模拟辐射的累积暴露。一组在未使用紫外线B或广谱防晒霜的情况下未受到保护，而其他两组则分别具有相同的防晒系数9，但具有不同的紫外线A防护系数9和2。然后，进行了户外研究进行了其中延迟型超敏反应的评估，该评估是在每天六次暴露之前和之后进行的。两组不同的受试者接受了具有相同防晒系数25但具有不同紫外线A保护系数的两种防晒霜之一。在未受保护的志愿者中，无论是否受到紫外线照射（全光谱紫外线A，紫外线A1，太阳模拟辐射），对迟发型超敏反应测试的反应均显着降低。紫外线B防晒霜无法保护免受太阳模拟的辐射诱导的免疫抑制作用。相反，具有相同防晒系数但是在紫外线A范围内提供高防护的广谱防晒剂显着降低了局部紫外线诱导的免疫抑制并防止了远端效应。在户外研究中，与暴露于阳光前的迟发型超敏反应相比，当皮肤受到广谱防晒霜防晒因子25和紫外线A保护因子14保护时，未发现免疫应答发生变化。广谱防晒霜防晒系数25紫外线A保护系数6无法保护免受阳光损害的反应。上述研究清楚地证明了紫外线A在诱导光免疫抑制中的作用，以及对在整个紫外线光谱中提供有效光保护的防晒产品的需求。

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