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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of pain: official journal of the American Pain Society >Distraction speeds the decay of shock-induced hypoalgesia: evidence for the contribution of memory systems in affective pain modulation.
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Distraction speeds the decay of shock-induced hypoalgesia: evidence for the contribution of memory systems in affective pain modulation.

机译：分心加快了休克引起的痛觉过敏的衰减：这是记忆系统在情感性疼痛调节中的作用的证据。

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摘要

Previous research indicates that exposure to shock decreases thermal pain sensitivity in humans. This hypoalgesia has been attributed to a centrally mediated fear state that activates descending inhibitory pathways. Animal research suggests that distraction alters the activation of these hypoalgesic systems. To determine whether the pain memory alters the activation of hypoalgesic systems in humans, the present study examined whether a post-shock distractor attenuates shock-induced hypoalgesia. If fear-inducing shocks are represented by a limited capacity working memory system, then a distractor should speed the decay of the hypoalgesia. Healthy men were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: shock-distraction, shock-no distraction, no shock-distraction, and no shock-no distraction. Following baseline pain tests, participants in the shock groups were presented with 3 brief shocks. Immediately following shock, an unexpected vibration stimulus was presented to participants in the distraction groups. Both self-report and physiological (SCL, HR) measures indicated that shock exposure resulted in fear, arousal, and decreased pain sensitivity. Consistent with prior animal studies, presentation of a post-shock distractor sped the decay of shock-induced hypoalgesia. Specifically, the distraction group exhibited significantly less shock-induced hypoalgesia compared to the no-distraction group. These findings provide additional evidence for the involvement of memory processes in the activation of descending pain inhibitory pathways. PERSPECTIVE: This study demonstrated that the presentation of a distracting stimulus immediately following 3 brief shocks attenuated shock-induced hypoalgesia in healthy human subjects. Understanding the impact of post-pain distraction on pain processing may have important clinical implications because it may influence patients' willingness to undergo future painful medical procedures.
机译：先前的研究表明，接触电击会降低人体对热痛的敏感性。该痛觉过敏已归因于激活下行抑制途径的中枢介导的恐惧状态。动物研究表明，注意力分散会改变这些痛觉过敏系统的激活。为了确定疼痛记忆是否改变了人类的痛觉过敏系统的激活，本研究检查了震后分心器是否减轻了休克引起的痛觉过敏。如果诱发恐惧的电击是由容量有限的工作记忆系统代表的，那么干扰因素应加快痛觉过敏的衰减。健康男性被随机分为4组中的1组：休克，无休克，无休克，无休克。在进行基线疼痛测试后，休克组的参与者接受了3次短暂的休克。冲击后，立即向分散注意力的参与者提供了意外的振动刺激。自我报告和生理（SCL，HR）测量均表明，电击暴露会导致恐惧，唤醒和疼痛敏感性降低。与先前的动物研究一致，震后干扰物的出现加快了休克引起的痛觉过敏的衰减。具体而言，与无分心组相比，分心组表现出明显更少的休克引起的痛觉过敏。这些发现为记忆过程参与下行疼痛抑制途径的激活提供了额外的证据。观点：这项研究表明，在3次短暂电击后立即出现分散注意力的刺激，可减轻健康人的电击诱发的痛觉过敏。了解疼痛后分心对疼痛处理的影响可能具有重要的临床意义，因为它可能会影响患者接受将来痛苦的医疗程序的意愿。

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