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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of physical chemistry, C. Nanomaterials and interfaces >Dynamic Characterization of Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Polymer and Aligned ZnO Nanorods by Intensity Modulated Photocurrent Spectroscopy
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Dynamic Characterization of Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Polymer and Aligned ZnO Nanorods by Intensity Modulated Photocurrent Spectroscopy

机译：强度调制光电流谱法动态表征基于聚合物和取向的ZnO纳米棒的混合太阳能电池

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摘要

For characterization of polymer-based solar cells with vertically aligned ZnO nanorod arrays (ZnO-NAs) by intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS), a dynamic IMPS model is developed, where the structure-related charge generation and transport dynamics are considered. The model describes the IMPS responses affected by the phase shift φ_n(ω) due to the exciton diffusion property (ω0) and the structure-related device ideality factor N, the electron diffusion coefficient D_e, the exciton dissociation rate S, and the device structure (e.g., nanorod length d and interspacing l). The main expectations of the model are confirmed by the experimental data of the polymer/ZnO-NA cells with d = 180-650 nm, offering mechanistic information on the structure-related charge generation, charge transport, and device performance. The presence of the φ_n(ω) makes IMPS response not spiral into the origin and the phase angle in its Bode, plot not tend to 90°; the d-dependent direct diffusion (DD) and diffusion-reflection (DF) transport processes are normally involved in the travel of injected electrons to the collection electrode; the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) and the transit time (τ_D) for DD transport under the influence of DF process reach their peak values at d ≈500 nm, and the φ_m(ω)) effect on electron transport is affected by ω0, As, and S. Satisfactory fittings of measured IMPS responses to the model further reveal that the d dependence of the IPCE or the photocurrent actually originates from the S value governed by d-dependent exciton generation and dissociation; when changing d, a larger number of electrons for DD transport causes a smaller N or a more remarkable φ_n(ω) effect; a longer τ_D is accompanied by a larger RC effect of the ZnO electrode. Those results clearly suggest that a highly efficient polymer/ZnO-NA device requires d ≈ 500 nm and l = 5-10 nm, along with a high interfacial exciton dissociation efficiency.
机译：为了通过强度调制光电流光谱法（IMPS）表征具有垂直排列的ZnO纳米棒阵列（ZnO-NAs）的聚合物基太阳能电池，开发了动态IMPS模型，其中考虑了与结构相关的电荷产生和传输动力学。该模型描述了由于激子扩散特性（ω0）和与结构有关的器件理想因子N，电子扩散系数D_e，激子解离速率S和器件结构而受相移φ_n（ω）影响的IMPS响应（例如，纳米棒长度d和间隔l）。该模型的主要期望得到了d = 180-650 nm的聚合物/ ZnO-NA电池的实验数据的证实，该数据提供了与结构相关的电荷产生，电荷传输和器件性能的机械信息。 φ_n（ω）的存在使得IMPS响应不会螺旋进入原点，其Bode中的相位角也不会趋于90°; d依赖的直接扩散（DD）和扩散反射（DF）传输过程通常涉及注入电子到收集电极的行进; DF过程影响下DD传输的入射光子-电流转换效率（IPCE）和传输时间（τ_D）在d≈500 nm达到峰值，而φ_m（ω））对电子传输的影响为受ω0，As和S影响。对模型测得的IMPS响应的满意拟合进一步表明，IPCE或光电流的d依赖性实际上源自受d依赖性激子产生和解离控制的S值;当改变d时，用于DD传输的大量电子会导致更小的N或更显着的φ_n（ω）效应;更长的τ_D伴随着ZnO电极更大的RC效应。这些结果清楚地表明，高效的聚合物/ ZnO-NA器件需要d≈500 nm和l = 5-10 nm，以及高的界面激子解离效率。

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