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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of school health >Healthier students are better learners: a missing link in school reforms to close the achievement gap.
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Healthier students are better learners: a missing link in school reforms to close the achievement gap.

机译：健康的学生是更好的学习者：学校改革中缺少弥补成就差距的环节。

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OBJECTIVES: This article provides an introduction to the October 2011 special issue of the Journal of School Health on "Healthier Students Are Better Learners." METHODS: Literature was reviewed and synthesized to identify health problems affecting school-aged youth that are highly prevalent, disproportionately affect urban minority youth, directly and indirectly causally affect academic achievement, and can be feasibly and effectively addressed through school health programs and services. RESULTS: Based on these criteria, 7 educationally relevant health disparities were selected as strategic priorities to help close the achievement gap: (1) vision, (2) asthma, (3) teen pregnancy, (4) aggression and violence, (5) physical activity, (6) breakfast, and (7) inattention and hyperactivity. Research clearly shows that these health problems influence students' motivation and ability to learn. Disparities among urban minority youth are outlined, along with the causal pathways through which each adversely affects academic achievement, including sensory perceptions, cognition, school connectedness, absenteeism, and dropping out. Evidence-based approaches that schools can implement to address these problems are presented. These health problems and the causal pathways they influence have interactive and a synergistic effect, which is why they must be addressed collectively using a coordinated approach. CONCLUSIONS: No matter how well teachers are prepared to teach, no matter what accountability measures are put in place, no matter what governing structures are established for schools, educational progress will be profoundly limited if students are not motivated and able to learn. Particular health problems play a major role in limiting the motivation and ability to learn of urban minority youth. This is why reducing these disparities through a coordinated approach warrants validation as a cohesive school improvement initiative to close the achievement gap. Local, state, and national policies for implementing this recommendation are suggested.
机译：目标：本文提供了《学校健康杂志》 2011年10月期特刊“健康的学生是更好的学习者”的简介。方法：对文献进行了审查和综合，以发现影响学龄青年的健康问题，这些问题非常普遍，对城市少数民族青年的影响不成比例，直接或间接地影响学业成绩，可以通过学校保健计划和服务切实有效地解决。结果：根据这些标准，选择了7个与教育相关的健康差异作为战略重点，以帮助缩小成就差距：（1）视力，（2）哮喘，（3）青少年怀孕，（4）侵略和暴力，（5）身体活动，（6）早餐和（7）注意力不集中和多动。研究清楚地表明，这些健康问题会影响学生的学习动机和学习能力。概述了城市少数族裔青年之间的差异，以及每个人都会对学习成绩产生不利影响的因果途径，包括感官知觉，认知，学校联系，旷工和辍学。介绍了学校可以采用的基于证据的方法来解决这些问题。这些健康问题及其影响的因果途径具有交互作用和协同作用，这就是为什么必须使用协调方法共同解决这些问题的原因。结论：无论教师准备如何做好教学，无论采取何种问责措施，无论为学校建立什么样的管理机构，如果学生没有动力和学习能力，其教育进步都会受到极大的限制。特定的健康问题在限制城市青年的学习动机和能力方面起着重要作用。这就是为什么通过协调的方法减少这些差距需要进行验证，以作为一项凝聚性的学校改进举措来缩小成绩差距的原因。建议执行该建议的地方，州和国家政策。

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