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首页> 外文期刊>The New Phytologist >Bioenergy from plants and the sustainable yield challenge.
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Bioenergy from plants and the sustainable yield challenge.

机译：来自植物的生物能源和可持续的产量挑战。

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Bioenergy from plants, particularly from perennial grasses and trees, could make a substantial contribution to alleviation of global problems in climate change and energy security if high yields can be sustained. Here, yield traits in a range of key bioenergy crops are reviewed, from which several targets for future improvement can be identified. Some are already the focus of genetically modified (GM) and non-GM approaches. However, the efficient growth strategies of perennial bioenergy crops rely on newly assimilated and recycled carbon and remobilized nitrogen in a continually shifting balance between sources and sinks. This balance is affected by biotic (e.g. pest, disease) and abiotic (e.g. drought) stresses. Future research should focus on three main challenges: changing (photo)thermal time sensitivity to lengthen the growing season without risking frost damage or limiting remobilization of nutritional elements following senescence; increasing aboveground biomass without depleting belowground reserves required for next year's growth and thus without increasing the requirement for nutrient applications; and increasing aboveground biomass without increasing water use.
机译：如果能够维持高产，植物特别是多年生草木的生物能源可以为缓解全球气候变化和能源安全问题做出重大贡献。在此，对一系列关键生物能源作物的产量特征进行了综述，从中可以确定出未来改进的几个目标。有些已经成为转基因和非转基因方法的焦点。然而，多年生生物能源作物的有效生长策略依赖于新吸收和循环利用的碳以及重新分配的氮，从而在源和汇之间不断变化的平衡。这种平衡受生物（例如害虫，疾病）和非生物（例如干旱）胁迫的影响。未来的研究应集中在三个主要挑战上：改变（光）热时间敏感性以延长生长期，而不会冒霜害或在衰老后限制营养元素迁移的风险;增加地上生物量而不耗尽明年增长所需的地下储量，因此不增加对养分施用的需求;在不增加用水量的情况下增加地上生物量。

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