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首页> 外文期刊>The New Phytologist >Genetic roadmap of the Arctic: plant dispersal highways, traffic barriers and capitals of diversity
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Genetic roadmap of the Arctic: plant dispersal highways, traffic barriers and capitals of diversity

机译：北极遗传路线图：植物分散的高速公路，交通障碍和多样性之都

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摘要

We provide the first comparative multispecies analysis of spatial genetic structure and diversity in the circumpolar Arctic using a common strategy for sampling and genetic analyses. We aimed to identify and explain potential general patterns of genetic discontinuity/connectivity and diversity, and to compare our findings with previously published hypotheses. We collected and analyzed 7707 samples of 17 widespread arctic–alpine plant species for amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs). Genetic structure, diversity and distinctiveness were analyzed for each species, and extrapolated to cover the geographic range of each species. The resulting maps were overlaid to produce metamaps. The Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, the Greenlandic ice cap, theUrals, and lowland areas between southern mountain ranges and the Arctic were the strongest barriers against gene flow. Diversity was highest in Beringia and gradually decreased into formerly glaciated areas. The highest degrees of distinctiveness wereobserved in Siberia. We conclude that large-scale general patterns exist in the Arctic, shaped by the Pleistocene glaciations combined with long-standing physical barriers against gene flow. Beringia served as both refugium and source for interglacial (re)colonization, whereas areas further west in Siberia served as refugia, but less as sources for (re)colonization.
机译：我们使用采样和遗传分析的通用策略，提供了北极极地空间遗传结构和多样性的第一个比较性多物种分析。我们旨在确定和解释潜在的遗传不连续性/连通性和多样性的一般模式，并将我们的发现与以前发表的假设进行比较。我们收集并分析了17种广泛的北极-高山植物物种的7707个样本的片段长度多态性（AFLP）。对每个物种的遗传结构，多样性和独特性进行了分析，并进行推断以涵盖每个物种的地理范围。生成的地图被覆盖以生成元地图。北极和大西洋，格陵兰的冰盖，乌拉尔山脉和南部山脉与北极之间的低地地区是阻止基因流动的最强屏障。在白令地区，多样性最高，并逐渐减少到以前的冰川地区。西伯利亚地区的独特性最高。我们得出的结论是，北极地区存在大规模的普遍格局，这是由更新世冰川和长期存在的阻碍基因流动的物理屏障相结合形成的。 Beringia是冰川间（重新）殖民化的避难所和来源，而西伯利亚更西边的地区则是避难所，但不是（重新）殖民化的来源。

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