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首页> 外文期刊>The New Phytologist >FACE-ing the facts: inconsistencies and interdependence among chamber and modeling of elevated [CO_2] on crop yield and supply
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FACE-ing the facts: inconsistencies and interdependence among chamber and modeling of elevated [CO_2] on crop yield and supply

机译：面对事实：会议厅之间的矛盾和相互依存以及[CO_2]升高对作物产量和供应量的建模

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Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO_2]) is just one aspect of global climate change. However, it is important because it consistently stimulates the growth and harvestable grain production of C_3 crops (Kimball et al., 2002; Long et al., 2004; Nowak et al., 2004; Ainsworth & Long, 2005), as well as benefiting C_4 crops under drought stress (Ottman etal., 2001; Leakey et al., 2004, 2006). Meanwhile, high temperatures, drought stress and rising ozone concentrations all have negative impacts on crop production (Gitay etal., 2001; Parry et al., 2004). Furthermore, rising [CO_2] is unique in being globally almost uniform and so denying spatial proxies for temporal trends. As a result, Parry et al. (2004) singled out its effect as the largest uncertainty in projecting future global food supply. Free-air CO_2 enrichment (FACE) experiments currently provide the most realistic measure of the future impact of elevated [CO_2] on crop yields. Free-air CO_2 enrichment experiments differ from enclosure studies in two salient respects: (1) they are conducted in the open air in farm fields without limiting growing space, or altering microclimate, precipitation or pest/ pathogen access; and (2) the scale of the experiments is large enough to be comparable to agronomic trials (typically plots > 300 m~2 compared with < 4 m~2 in the case of enclosure studies). In Long etal. (2006) and Ainsworth (2008), we reported that stimulation of seed yield in response to elevated [CO_2] is lower in FACE experiments than in enclosure studies of the world's four most important food crops. We suggested that the implications of this finding were as follows: modeling studies using CO_2 fertilization factors derived from enclosure experiments may have overestimatedfuture food supply; and additional field experiments are needed to understand in greater detail the mechanism of response and to drive research and development efforts to improve crop yields under future climatic conditions.
机译：大气中二氧化碳浓度（[CO_2]）的上升只是全球气候变化的一方面。但是，这一点很重要，因为它能持续刺激C_3作物的生长和可收获的谷物产量（Kimball等，2002; Long等，2004; Nowak等，2004; Ainsworth＆Long，2005），以及使干旱胁迫下的C_4作物受益（Ottman et al。，2001; Leakey et al。，2004，2006）。同时，高温，干旱胁迫和臭氧浓度升高都对作物生产产生负面影响（Gitay等，2001; Parry等，2004）。此外，上升的[CO_2]在全球范围内几乎是统一的，因此拒绝了时间趋势的空间代理。结果，Parry等。 （2004）指出其影响是预测未来全球粮食供应的最大不确定性。目前，自由空气中的CO_2富集（FACE）实验提供了最现实的衡量指标，即[CO_2]升高对作物产量的未来影响。自由空气CO_2富集实验在两个显着方面与封闭研究不同：（1）它们在农田中露天进行，不限制生长空间，也不会改变小气候，降水或病虫/病原体的进入; （2）实验规模足够大，足以与农艺试验相提并论（通常情节> 300 m〜2，而围栏研究的情节<4 m〜2）。在龙等人。 （2006）和Ainsworth（2008），我们报道了在FACE实验中，对因[CO_2]升高而引起的种子产量的刺激低于对世界上四种最重要的粮食作物的围栏研究。我们认为，这一发现的含义如下：使用圈养实验得出的CO_2受精因子进行的建模研究可能高估了未来的粮食供应;还需要进行其他田间试验，以更详细地了解响应机制，并推动研发工作以提高未来气候条件下的农作物产量。

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    《The New Phytologist》 |2008年第1期|共5页
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