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首页> 外文期刊>The journals of gerontology.Series A. Biological sciences and medical sciences >Lifelong Physical Exercise Delays Age-Associated Skeletal Muscle Decline
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Lifelong Physical Exercise Delays Age-Associated Skeletal Muscle Decline

机译：终生体育锻炼可延缓与年龄相关的骨骼肌衰退

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Aging is usually accompanied by a significant reduction in muscle mass and force. To determine the relative contribution of inactivity and aging per se to this decay, we compared muscle function and structure in (a) male participants belonging to a group of well-trained seniors (average of 70 years) who exercised regularly in their previous 30 years and (b) age-matched healthy sedentary seniors with (c) active young men (average of 27 years). The results collected show that relative to their sedentary cohorts, muscle from senior sportsmen have: (a) greater maximal isometric force and function, (b) better preserved fiber morphology and ultrastructure of intracellular organelles involved in Ca2+ handling and ATP production, (c) preserved muscle fibers size resulting from fiber rescue by reinnervation, and (d) lowered expression of genes related to autophagy and reactive oxygen species detoxification. All together, our results indicate that: (a) skeletal muscle of senior sportsmen is actually more similar to that of adults than to that of age-matched sedentaries and (b) signaling pathways controlling muscle mass and metabolism are differently modulated in senior sportsmen to guarantee maintenance of skeletal muscle structure, function, bioenergetic characteristics, and phenotype. Thus, regular physical activity is a good strategy to attenuate age-related general decay of muscle structure and function (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01679977).
机译：衰老通常伴随着肌肉质量和力量的显着减少。为了确定无运动和衰老本身对这种衰变的相对贡献，我们比较了（a）一群受过良好训练的老年人（平均70岁）的男性参与者的肌肉功能和结构，这些老年人在过去30年中定期运动（b）与年龄相匹配的健康久坐者与（c）活跃的年轻人（平均27岁）。收集的结果表明，相对于久坐的人群，高级运动员的肌肉具有：（a）更大的最大等轴测力和功能;（b）更好地保留了参与Ca2 +处理和ATP产生的细胞内细胞器的纤维形态和超微结构，（c）保留了通过再神经进行纤维拯救而产生的肌肉纤维大小，以及（d）降低了与自噬和活性氧解毒相关的基因的表达。总之，我们的结果表明：（a）高级运动员的骨骼肌实际上与成年人的骨骼肌相似，而不是与年龄相匹配的久坐者的骨骼肌相似;（b）控制肌肉质量和代谢的信号通路在高级运动员中受到不同的调节。保证维持骨骼肌的结构，功能，生物能特征和表型。因此，有规律的体育锻炼是减轻与年龄有关的肌肉结构和功能全面衰退的好策略（ClinicalTrials.gov：NCT01679977）。

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