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首页> 外文期刊>The journals of gerontology.Series A. Biological sciences and medical sciences >Executive decline and dysfunction precedes declines in memory: the Women's Health and Aging Study II.
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Executive decline and dysfunction precedes declines in memory: the Women's Health and Aging Study II.

机译：执行力下降和功能障碍先于记忆力下降：《妇女健康与衰老研究II》。

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BACKGROUND: Understanding preclinical transitions to impairment in cognitive abilities associated with risks for functional difficulty and dementia. This study characterized in the Women's Health and Aging Study (WHAS) II 9-year declines and transitions to impairment across domains of cognition. METHODS: The WHAS II is an observational study of initially high-functioning, community-dwelling women aged 70-80 years at baseline. Random-effects models jointly compared rates of decline, and discrete-time Cox models estimated hierarchies of incident clinical impairment on measures of psychomotor speed and executive function (EF) using the Trail Making Test and in immediate and delayed verbal recall using the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test. Patterns of transition were related to incidence of global cognitive impairment on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE). RESULTS: Mean decline and impairment occurred first in EF and preceded declines in memory by about 3 years. Thereafter, memory decline was equivalent to that for EF. Over 9 years, 49% developed domain-specific impairments. Risk of incident EF impairment occurred in 37% of the sample and was often the first impairment observed (23.7%), at triple the rate for psychomotor speed (p < .01). Risk of immediate and delayed recall impairments was nearly double that for psychomotor speed (p values <.01). Incident impairment in EF and delayed recall was associated with greater risk for MMSE impairment. CONCLUSIONS: Executive dysfunction developed first among nearly one quarter of older women and was associated with elevated risk for global cognitive impairment. Because EF declines preceded memory declines and are important to efficient storage and retrieval EF represents an important target for interventions to prevent declines in memory and MMSE both of which are associated with progression to dementia.
机译：背景：了解临床前过渡到认知能力受损与功能困难和痴呆症风险相关的情况。这项研究的特点是妇女健康与老龄化研究（WHAS）II 9年下降趋势，并跨认知领域过渡到损伤。方法：WHAS II是一项对基线时年龄在70-80岁的高功能，居住社区女性的观察性研究。随机效应模型联合比较了下降率，离散时间Cox模型使用Trail Makeing Test评估了心理运动速度和执行功能（EF）量度事件临床损伤等级，并使用Hopkins言语学习法评估了即时和延迟言语召回测试。过渡模式与迷你精神状态考试（MMSE）上的全球认知障碍发生率有关。结果：平均下降和损害首先发生在EF中，然后在记忆力下降之前约3年。此后，内存减少与EF相同。在过去9年中，有49％的人出现了特定领域的损害。发生EF损害的风险发生在37％的样本中，通常是观察到的第一个损害（23.7％），是精神运动速度的三倍（p <.01）。立即和延迟的回忆障碍的风险几乎是精神运动速度的两倍（p值<.01）。 EF事件损害和延迟召回与MMSE损害的更大风险相关。结论：执行功能障碍首先发生在近四分之一的老年妇女中，并与全球认知障碍的风险升高有关。因为EF下降先于记忆力下降，并且对于有效的存储和检索很重要，所以EF代表了一项重要的目标，可以防止与记忆力下降相关的记忆力和MMSE下降。

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