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首页> 外文期刊>The Laryngoscope: A Medical Journal for Clinical and Research Contributions in Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Medicine and Surgery, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery .. >Modeling flow in a compromised pediatric airway breathing air and heliox.
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Modeling flow in a compromised pediatric airway breathing air and heliox.

机译：在折衷的儿科呼吸道中呼吸空气和日光的流量建模。

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OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to perform computer simulations of flow within an accurate model of a pediatric airway with subglottic stenosis. It is believed that the airflow characteristics in a stenotic airway are strongly related to the sensation of dyspnea. METHODS: Computed tomography images through the respiratory tract of an infant with subglottic stenosis were used to construct the three-dimensional geometry of the airway. By using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling to capture airway flow patterns during inspiration and expiration, we obtained information pertaining to flow velocity, static airway wall pressure, pressure drop across the stenosis, and wall shear stress. These simulations were performed with both air and heliox (helium-oxygen mixture). RESULTS: Unlike air, heliox maintained laminar flow through the stenosis. The calculated pressure drop over stenosis was lower for the heliox flow in contrast to the airflow case. This led to an approximately 40% decrease in airway resistance when using heliox and presumably causes a decrease in the level of effort required for breathing. CONCLUSIONS: CFD simulations offer a quantitative method of evaluating airway flow dynamics in patients with airway abnormalities. CFD modeling illustrated the flow features and quantified flow parameters within a pediatric airway with subglottic stenosis. Simulations with air and heliox conditions mirrored the known clinical benefits of heliox compared with air. We anticipate that computer simulation models will ultimately allow a better understanding of changes in flow caused by specific medical and surgical interventions in patients with conditions associated with dyspnea.
机译：目的/假设：本研究的目的是对声门下狭窄的小儿气道的精确模型内的血流进行计算机模拟。据认为，狭窄气道中的气流特征与呼吸困难的感觉强烈相关。方法：使用计算机对一名声门下狭窄狭窄婴儿的呼吸道进行断层扫描，以建立气道的三维几何形状。通过使用计算流体动力学（CFD）建模来捕获吸气和呼气过程中的气道流动模式，我们获得了与流速，静态气道壁压力，狭窄处的压降以及壁切应力有关的信息。使用空气和氦氧混合气（氦气-氧气混合物）进行了这些模拟。结果：与空气不同，氦氧混合气通过狭窄维持层流。与气流情况相比，氦氧混合气流量在狭窄时计算得出的压降更低。使用氦氧混合气时，这会导致气道阻力降低约40％，并可能导致呼吸所需的精力减少。结论：CFD模拟提供了一种评估气道异常患者气道流动动力学的定量方法。 CFD建模说明了具有声门下狭窄的小儿气道内的血流特征和量化的血流参数。用空气和氦氧混合气条件进行的模拟反映了氦氧混合气与空气相比的已知临床益处。我们预计，计算机模拟模型最终将使人们更好地了解由呼吸困难相关疾病患者的特定医学和手术干预所引起的血流变化。

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