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首页> 外文期刊>The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology, B. Comparative and physiological psychology >The role of the perirhinal eortex and hippocampus in learning, memory, and perception
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The role of the perirhinal eortex and hippocampus in learning, memory, and perception

机译：周围神经皮层和海马在学习，记忆和知觉中的作用

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One traditional and long-held view of medial temporal lobe (MTI.) function is thai it contains a system of structures that are exclusively involved in memory, and that the extent of memory loss following MTL damage is simply related to the amount of MTL damage sustained. Indeed, human patients with extensive MTL damage are typically profoundly amnesic whereas patients with less extensive brain lesions centred upon the hippocampus typically exhibit only moderately severe anlerograde amnesia. Accordingly, the latter observations have devilled the hippocampus to a particularly prominent position within the purported MTL memory system. This article reviews recent lesion studies in macaque monkeys in which the behavioural effects of more highly circumscribed lesions (than those observed to occur in human patients with MTI. lesions) to different subregions of the MTL, have been examined. These studies have reported new findings that contradict this concept of a MTL memory system. First, the MTL is not exclusively involved in mnemonic processes; some MTL structures, most notably the perirhinal eortex, also contribute to perception. Second, there are some forms of memory, including recognition memory, that are not always affected by selective hippocampal lesions. Third, the data support the idea that regional functional specializations exist within the MTL. For example, the macaque perirhinal cortex appears to be specialized for processing object identity whereas the hippocampus may be specialized for processing spatial and temporal relationships.
机译：传统的且长期存在的内侧颞叶（MTI。）功能视图是，它包含专门与记忆有关的结构系统，并且MTL损坏后的记忆丧失程度仅与MTL损坏量有关持续。确实，具有广泛MTL损伤的人类患者通常会表现为严重的健忘症，而以海马为中心的具有较小范围脑部病变的患者通常只会表现出中度严重的不耐受性失忆症。因此，后面的观察已将海马转移到了声称的MTL记忆系统中一个特别突出的位置。本文回顾了近期在猕猴中进行的病变研究，其中研究了对高度限定的病变（比在患有MTI的人类患者中观察到的病变）对MTL不同区域的行为影响。这些研究报告了新发现，这些发现与MTL内存系统的概念相矛盾。首先，MTL并不专门参与助记符过程。一些MTL结构（最明显的是周围神经皮层）也有助于感知。其次，记忆的某些形式，包括识别记忆，并不总是受到选择性海马病变的影响。第三，数据支持MTL中存在区域功能专业化的思想。例如，猕猴周围神经皮层似乎专门用于处理对象标识，而海马体可能专用于处理空间和时间关系。

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