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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >KINEMATICS AND EFFICIENCY OF STEADY SWIMMING IN ADULT AXOLOTLS (AMBYSTOMA MEXICANUM)
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KINEMATICS AND EFFICIENCY OF STEADY SWIMMING IN ADULT AXOLOTLS (AMBYSTOMA MEXICANUM)

机译：成年中轴稳定游动的运动学和效率

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摘要

The kinematics of steady swimming at a wide range of velocities was analysed using high-speed video recordings (500 frames s(-1)) of eight individuals of Ambystoma mexicanum swimming through a tunnel containing stationary water, Animals in the observed size range (0.135-0.238 m total body length) prefer to swim at similar absolute speeds, irrespective of their body size, The swimming mechanism is of the anguilliform type, The measured kinematic variables - the speed, length, frequency and amplitude (along the entire body) of the propulsive wave - are more similar to those of anguilliform swimming fish than to those of tadpoles, in spite of common morphological features with the latter, such as limbs, external gills and a tapering tail, The swimming speed for a given animal size correlates linearly with the tailbeat frequency (r(2)=0.71), whereas the wavelength and tail-tip amplitude do not correlate with this variable, The shape of the amplitude profile along the body, however, is very variable between the different swimming bouts, even at similar speeds, It is suggested that, for a given frequency, the amplitude profile along the body is adjusted in a variable way to yield the resulting swimming speed rather than maintaining a fixed-amplitude profile, The swimming efficiency was estimated by calculating two kinematic variables (the stride length and the propeller efficiency) and by applying two hydrodynamic theories, the elongated-body theory and an extension of this theory accounting for the slope at the tail tip, The latter theory was found to be the most appropriate for the axolotl's swimming mode and yields a hydromechanical efficiency of 0.75 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- S.D.,), indicating that Ambystoma mexicanum swims less efficiently than do anuran tadpoles and most fishes, This can be understood given its natural habitat in vegetation at the bottom of lakes, which would favour manoeuvrability and fast escape. [References: 31]
机译：使用高速视频记录（500帧s（-1））分析了八名墨西哥短鞭毛虫在装有固定水的隧道中游泳的速度，研究了在大范围速度下稳定游泳的运动学，观察到的动物的大小范围为（0.135 -0.238 m的总长度），无论其体型大小，都喜欢以相似的绝对速度游泳，游泳机制为gu鱼形，测得的运动学变量-速度，长度，频率和振幅（沿着整个身体）推进波-尽管an具有共同的形态特征，例如肢体，外g和尾巴逐渐变细，但与an形游泳鱼类相比，than更类似于,，给定动物大小的游泳速度与线性相关带有拍子频率（r（2）= 0.71），而波长和尾尖振幅与该变量不相关。但是，沿着人体的振幅分布图的形状非常建议即使在相同的速度下，也可以在不同的游泳回合之间变化。建议，对于给定的频率，以可变的方式调整沿身体的振幅分布，以产生最终的游泳速度，而不是保持固定的振幅分布。通过计算两个运动学变量（步幅长度和螺旋桨效率）并应用两种流体力学理论（拉长体理论和该理论的扩展，考虑到尾尖处的坡度）来估计游泳效率。最适合the的游泳模式，其水力机械效率为0.75 +/- 0.04（平均+/- SD，），这表明墨西哥Ambystoma的游泳效率不及无头t和大多数鱼类，这是可以理解的它的自然栖息地位于湖泊底部的植被中，有利于机动性和快速逃生。 [参考：31]

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