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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >Limitations to maximum running speed on flat curves
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Limitations to maximum running speed on flat curves

机译：平坦曲线上最大运行速度的限制

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Why is maximal running speed reduced on curved paths? The leading explanation proposes that an increase in lateral ground reaction force necessitates a decrease in peak vertical ground reaction force, assuming that maximum leg extension force is the limiting factor. Yet, no studies have directly measured these forces or tested this critical assumption. We measured maximum sprint velocities and ground reaction forces for five male humans sprinting along a straight track and compared them to sprints along circular tracks of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 m radii. Circular track sprint trials were performed either with or without a tether that applied centripetal force to the center of mass. Sprinters generated significantly smaller peak resultant ground reaction forces during normal curve sprinting compared to straight sprinting. This provides direct evidence against the idea that maximum leg extension force is always achieved and is the limiting factor. Use of the tether increased sprint speed, but not to expected values. During curve sprinting, the inside leg consistently generated smaller peak forces compared to the outside leg. Several competing biomechanical constraints placed on the stance leg during curve sprinting likely make the inside leg particularly ineffective at generating the ground reaction forces necessary to attain maximum velocities comparable to straight path sprinting. The ability of quadrupeds to redistribute function across multiple stance legs and decouple these multiple constraints may provide a distinct advantage for turning performance.
机译：为什么在弯曲路径上会降低最大运行速度？前面的解释提出，假设最大的腿部伸展力是限制因素，则横向地面反作用力的增加有必要降低峰值垂直地面反作用力。但是，尚无研究直接测量这些力或检验这一关键假设。我们测量了五个直线冲刺的男性最大冲刺速度和地面反作用力，并将它们与半径为1、2、3、4和6 m的圆形冲刺进行了比较。在有或没有将向心力施加到质心的系绳的情况下，进行了圆形轨道冲刺试验。与正常的短跑相比，短跑运动员在法线短跑期间产生的地面合力反作用力峰值要小得多。这提供了直接的证据，反对始终获得最大的腿部伸展力并且这是限制因素的想法。使用系绳可提高冲刺速度，但不会达到预期值。在曲线冲刺期间，与外侧腿相比，内侧腿始终产生较小的峰值力。在弯道短跑过程中，摆在姿势腿上的一些竞争性生物力学约束可能使内侧腿在产生与最大速度可比拟的最大速度所必需的地面反作用力方面特别无效。四足动物跨多个姿势腿重新分配功能并解耦这些多个约束的能力可能为转弯性能提供明显的优势。

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