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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >High mitochondrial densities in the hearts of Antarctic icefishes are maintained by an increase in mitochondrial size rather than mitochondrial biogenesis.
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High mitochondrial densities in the hearts of Antarctic icefishes are maintained by an increase in mitochondrial size rather than mitochondrial biogenesis.

机译：通过增加线粒体大小而不是线粒体的生物发生来维持南极冰鱼心脏的高线粒体密度。

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摘要

We investigated the molecular mechanisms regulating differences in mitochondrial volume density between heart ventricles of Antarctic notothenioids that vary in the expression of hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin (Mb). In mammals, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and maintain mitochondrial density in muscle tissues. We hypothesized that these factors would also maintain mitochondrial density in the hearts of Antarctic notothenioids. The percent cell volume occupied by mitochondria is significantly lower in hearts of the red-blooded notothenioid Notothenia coriiceps (18.18+/-0.69%) in comparison with those of the icefish Chaenocephalus aceratus (36.53+/-2.07%), which lacks both Hb and cardiac Mb. Mitochondrial densities are not different between hearts of N. coriiceps and Chionodraco rastrospinosus, which lacks Hb, but whose heart expresses Mb. Despite differences in mitochondrial volume density between hearts of N. coriiceps and C. aceratus, the levels of transcripts of the genes encoding PGC-1alpha, NRF-1 and citrate synthase, and the copy number of mitochondrial DNA do not differ. Our results indicate that the high mitochondrial densities in hearts of C. aceratus may result from an increase in organelle size. The surface-to-volume ratio of mitochondria from N. coriiceps is 1.9-fold greater than that of mitochondria from C. aceratus. In addition, the levels of PGC-1alpha correlate with mitochondrial density in muscle tissues of notothenioids possessing mitochondria of similar size and morphology. Finally, the levels of PGC-1alpha are 4.6-fold higher in the aerobic pectoral adductor muscle in comparison with the glycolytic skeletal muscle of N. coriiceps. The potential physiological significance of an increase in mitochondrial size in hearts of Antarctic icefishes is discussed.
机译：我们研究了调节血红蛋白（Hb）和肌红蛋白（Mb）表达变化的南极类胡萝卜素心脏心室之间线粒体体积密度差异的分子机制。在哺乳动物中，过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γcoactivator-1alpha（PGC-1alpha）和核呼吸因子1（NRF-1）刺激线粒体生物发生并维持肌肉组织中的线粒体密度。我们假设这些因素也将维持南极类异戊二烯类药物心脏中的线粒体密度。与不带血红蛋白的冰鱼恰氏头足动物（Chaenocephalus aceratus）（36.53 +/- 2.07％）的线粒体相比，红血型类胡萝卜素Notothenia coriiceps（18.18 +/- 0.69％）的心脏中线粒体占据的细胞体积百分比要低得多和心脏Mb。缺乏Hb但心脏表达Mb的N. coriiceps心脏和Rionspinosus脊索动物的线粒体密度没有差异。尽管在N. coriiceps和C. aceratus的心脏之间线粒体体积密度存在差异，但是编码PGC-1alpha，NRF-1和柠檬酸合酶的基因的转录水平以及线粒体DNA的拷贝数没有差异。我们的结果表明，铜绿假单胞菌心脏中的高线粒体密度可能是由于细胞器大小增加所致。 Coriicepseps线粒体的线粒体的表面体积比是C. aceratus线粒体的线粒体的体积比的1.9倍。此外，PGC-1alpha的水平与具有相似大小和形态的线粒体的类胡萝卜素的肌肉组织中的线粒体密度相关。最终，有氧胸膜内收肌的PGC-1alpha水平比新皮猴的糖酵解骨骼肌高4.6倍。讨论了南极冰鱼心脏线粒体大小增加的潜在生理学意义。

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