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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >Size matters: Ontogenetic variation in the three-dimensional kinematics of steady-speed locomotion in the lizard Dipsosaurus dorsalis
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Size matters: Ontogenetic variation in the three-dimensional kinematics of steady-speed locomotion in the lizard Dipsosaurus dorsalis

机译：大小很重要：蜥蜴Dipsosaurus dorsalis稳定速度运动的三维运动学中的个体发育变化

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Although many studies have investigated how locomotor capacities change with size, Few studies have examined whether different-sized individuals within a species have similar kinematics during locomotion. We quantified the skeletal limb morphology and the three-dimensional kinematics of the hindlimb of four sizes (4-66g) of the lizard Dipsosaurus dorsalis moving steadily at both the walk-run transition (50 % duty factor) and at a moderately fast speed of 250 cm s(-1). We used analyses of variance to test whether limb movements changed with size and to determine whether size and speed had interactive effects on kinematics, The disproportionately long hindlimbs of smaller lizards partly contributed to their relatively greater (i.e. adjusted by snout-vent length) values of linear kinematic variables. Both relative linear and angular kinematics changed significantly with both size and speed, both of which had widespread interactive effects, By having more extension of the knee and ankle joints, and thus a relatively higher hip height during stance, the slow-speed movements of small lizards displayed some of the characteristics of the fast-speed movements in larger lizards, Further, approximately one-fifth and two-fifths of the strides of the two smallest size classes were digitigrade at the lower and higher speeds, respectively, whereas the two largest size classes always had a plantigrade foot posture. Some of the most striking effects of size on kinematics were most evident at the lower of the two speeds. Unlike interspecific studies, which show that the limbs often become more crouched with decreased size, the more extended limbs of smaller lizards in this study suggest that variation in size alone cannot be the causal reason for differences in limb posture. [References: 33]
机译：尽管许多研究调查了运动能力如何随大小变化，但很少有研究检查物种内部不同大小的个体在运动过程中是否具有相似的运动学。我们定量分析了蜥蜴Dipsosaurus dorsalis的四个大小（4-66g）的骨骼四肢形态和后肢的三维运动学，该现象在步走过渡（50％占空因数）和中等适度速度下均稳定运动250厘米s（-1）。我们使用方差分析来检验肢体运动是否随大小而变化，并确定大小和速度是否对运动学产生交互影响。较小的蜥蜴的后肢不成比例地长，部分原因是它们的相对较大（即，通过口鼻孔长度进行调整）。线性运动学变量。相对线性运动和角运动学都随着大小和速度的变化而显着变化，两者都具有广泛的交互作用。通过使膝关节和踝关节具有更大的伸展范围，因此在站立时髋关节高度相对较高，慢速运动较小蜥蜴表现出较大蜥蜴快速运动的一些特征。此外，两个最小尺寸类别的步幅中大约五分之一和五分之二分别在较低和较高速度下为数字等级，而最大的两个中等身材的人总是有脚步姿势。在两种速度中的较低者中，尺寸对运动学的一些最显着影响最为明显。与种间研究不同，种间研究显示四肢经常变得蹲伏着，而尺寸减小，而另一只蜥蜴的四肢伸展得更多，这表明仅仅大小的变化不能成为肢体姿势差异的原因。 [参考：33]

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