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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >A sport-physiological perspective on bird migration: Evidence forflight-induced muscle damage
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A sport-physiological perspective on bird migration: Evidence forflight-induced muscle damage

机译：鸟类迁徙的运动生理观点：飞行引起的肌肉损伤的证据

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Exercise-induced muscle damage is a well-described consequence of strenuous exercise, but its potential importance in the evolution of animal activity patterns is unknown. We used plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity as an indicator of muscle damage to investigate whether the high intensity, long-duration flights of two migratory shorebird species cause muscle damage that must be repaired during stopover. In two years of study, plasma CK activity was significantly higher in migrating western sandpipers (a non-synchronous, short-hop migrant), than in non-migrants. Similarly, in the bar-tailed godwit (a synchronous, long-jump migrant), plasma CK activity was highest immediately after arrival from a 4000-5000 km flight from West Africa to The Netherlands, and declined before departure for the arctic breeding areas. Late-arriving godwits had higher plasma CK activity than birds that had been at the stopover site longer. Juvenile western sandpipers making their first southward migration had higher plasma CK activity than adults. These results indicate that muscle damage occurs during migration, and that it is exacerbated in young, relatively untrained birds. However, the magnitude of the increases in plasma CK activity associated with migratory flight were relatively small, suggesting that the level of muscle damage is moderate. Migrants may avoid damage behaviourally, or have efficient biochemical and physiological defences against muscle injury.
机译：运动引起的肌肉损伤是剧烈运动的良好描述，但其在动物活动模式演变中的潜在重要性尚不清楚。我们使用血浆肌酸激酶（CK）活性作为肌肉损伤的指标，以调查两种迁徙水鸟物种的高强度，长时间飞行是否会导致肌肉损伤，必须在中途停留期间对其进行修复。在两年的研究中，迁徙的西部sand（非同步，短跳迁徙者）的血浆CK活性显着高于非迁徙者。同样，在长尾god（同步的，长时间跳跃的移居者）中，血浆CK活性在从西非飞往荷兰的4000-5000 km飞行中到达后立即最高，而在前往北极繁殖区之前下降。较晚到达的中途乌龟的血浆CK活性要高。第一次向南迁徙的西部西部sand的血浆CK活性高于成人。这些结果表明，在迁徙过程中会发生肌肉损伤，并且在未受训练的幼鸟中加剧了这种损伤。但是，与迁徙相关的血浆CK活性增加的幅度相对较小，表明肌肉损伤的程度是中等的。移民可以避免行为受到损害，或具有有效的生化和生理防御能力来抵抗肌肉损伤。

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