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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >The roles of visual parallax and edge attraction in the foraging behaviour of the butterfly Papilio xuthus
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The roles of visual parallax and edge attraction in the foraging behaviour of the butterfly Papilio xuthus

机译：视差和边缘吸引在蝴蝶凤蝶觅食行为中的作用

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Several examples of insects using visual motion to measure distance have been documented, from locusts peering to gauge the proximity of prey, to honeybees performing visual odometry en route between the hive and a flower patch. However, whether the use of parallax information is confined to specialised behaviours like these or represents a more general purpose sensory capability, is an open question. We investigate this issue in the foraging swallowtail butterfly Papilio xuthus, which we trained to associate a target presented on a monitor with a food reward. We then tracked the animal's flight in real-time, allowing us to manipulate the size and/or position of the target in a closed-loop manner to create the illusion that it is situated either above or below the monitor surface. Butterflies are less attracted to (i.e. slower to approach) targets that appear, based on motion parallax, to be more distant. Furthermore, we found that the number of abortive descent manoeuvres performed prior to the first successful target approach varies according to the depth of the virtual target, with expansion and parallax cues having effects of opposing polarity. However, we found no evidence that Papilio modulate the kinematic parameters of their descents according to the apparent distance of the target. Thus, we argue that motion parallax is used to identify a proximal target object, but that the subsequent process of approaching it is based on stabilising its edge in the 2D space of the retina, without estimating its distance.
机译：已经记录了使用视觉运动来测量距离的昆虫的一些示例，从蝗虫凝视以测量猎物的接近性，到蜜蜂在蜂巢和花丛之间进行视觉测距的过程中。但是，视差信息的使用是否仅限于此类特殊行为，还是代表更通用的感觉能力，是一个悬而未决的问题。我们在觅食燕尾蝶Papilio xuthus中调查了这个问题，我们对其进行了训练，以将监视器上显示的目标与食物奖励相关联。然后，我们实时跟踪动物的飞行，从而允许我们以闭环方式操纵目标的大小和/或位置，以产生幻觉，即它位于监视器表面的上方或下方。蝴蝶对目标的吸引力较小（即，接近速度较慢），基于运动视差，目标看起来距离较远。此外，我们发现，在第一个成功的目标进近之前执行的流产下降动作的次数根据虚拟目标的深度而有所不同，其中扩展和视差提示具有相反的极性影响。但是，我们没有发现证据表明Papilio根据目标的视在距离调节其下降的运动学参数。因此，我们认为运动视差用于识别近端目标对象，但是接近该目标对象的后续过程是基于在视网膜的2D空间中稳定其边缘而不估计其距离。

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