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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >Suppressed bone remodeling in black bears conserves energy and bone mass during hibernation
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Suppressed bone remodeling in black bears conserves energy and bone mass during hibernation

机译：抑制黑熊的骨骼重塑可以在冬眠期间节省能量和骨骼质量

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摘要

Decreased physical activity in mammals increases bone turnover and uncouples bone formation from bone resorption, leading to hypercalcemia, hypercalcuria, bone loss and increased fracture risk. Black bears, however, are physically inactive for up to 6 months annually during hibernation without losing cortical or trabecular bone mass. Bears have been shown to preserve trabecular bone volume and architectural parameters and cortical bone strength, porosity and geometrical properties during hibernation. The mechanisms that prevent disuse osteoporosis in bears are unclear as previous studies using histological and serum markers of bone remodeling show conflicting results. However, previous studies used serum markers of bone remodeling that are known to accumulate with decreased renal function, which bears have during hibernation. Therefore, we measured serum bone remodeling markers (BSALP and TRACP) that do not accumulate with decreased renal function, in addition to the concentrations of serum calcium and hormones involved in regulating bone remodeling in hibernating and active bears. Bone resorption and formation markers were decreased during hibernation compared with when bears were physically active, and these findings were supported by histomorphometric analyses of bone biopsies. The serum concentration of cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART), a hormone known to reduce bone resorption, was 15-fold higher during hibernation. Serum calcium concentration was unchanged between hibernation and non-hibernation seasons. Suppressed and balanced bone resorption and formation in hibernating bears contributes to energy conservation, eucalcemia and the preservation of bone mass and strength, allowing bears to survive prolonged periods of extreme environmental conditions, nutritional deprivation and anuria.
机译：哺乳动物体育活动的减少会增加骨骼的更新，并使骨骼的形成与骨骼的吸收脱钩，从而导致高钙血症，高尿钙，骨质流失和骨折风险增加。但是，黑熊在冬眠期间每年最多不运动6个月，而不会失去其皮质或小梁的骨量。熊在冬眠期间可以保持小梁骨的体积和结构参数以及皮质骨的强度，孔隙率和几何特性。预防熊废用骨质疏松症的机制尚不清楚，因为先前使用骨重建的组织学和血清标志物进行的研究显示出相互矛盾的结果。但是，先前的研究使用的是已知骨骼重塑的血清标志物，这些标志物会随着熊的冬眠而随着肾功能的下降而累积。因此，我们测量了血清白蛋白重塑标志物（BSALP和TRACP），这些蛋白在肾脏功能降低的过程中不累积，此外还包括调节冬眠和活动熊的骨骼重塑的血清钙和激素的浓度。与熊体力活动时相比，冬眠期间的骨吸收和形成标记降低了，这些发现得到了骨活检组织形态分析的支持。可卡因和苯丙胺调节转录本（CART）（一种已知可减少骨吸收的激素）的血清浓度在冬眠期间高15倍。冬眠和非冬眠季节之间的血清钙浓度没有变化。冬眠的熊受抑制和平衡的骨骼吸收与形成有助于能量节省，正常血钙和骨骼质量和强度的保持，从而使熊能够在极端的环境条件，营养剥夺和无尿症下长期生存。

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