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首页> 外文期刊>The Royal Society Proceedings B: Biological Sciences >Alternative hypotheses linking the immune system and mate choice for good genes.
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Alternative hypotheses linking the immune system and mate choice for good genes.

机译：替代假说将免疫系统与良好基因的选择相联系。

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The questions of why males often have extravagant morphological and behavioural traits and why females prefer to mate with such males have been the focus of considerable debate since the publication in 1871 of Darwin's book The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex appeared. Recently, the broadening of investigation to include fields outside evolutionary biology has shed new light on mate choice and sexual selection. This paper focuses on a specific set of hypotheses relating the biologyof resistance to disease-causing organisms to the production of condition-dependent sexual signals (advertisements). A framework is presented that distinguishes 3 hypotheses about trade-offs within the immune system that affect general condition. Firstly, the original hypothesis of Hamilton and Zuk [Science (1982) 218, 384-387] suggests that hosts fight off disease via resistance to particular pathogens, which lowers resistance to other pathogens. Changes in pathogens over evolutionary time in turn favours changes in which genes confer the best resistance. Secondly, the immunocompetence hypotheses suggest that the energy cost of mounting a response to any pathogen competes for resources with other things, such as producing or maintaining advertisements. Thirdly, improving resistance to pathogens could increase the negative effect of the immune system on the host, via immunopathologies such as allergies or autoimmune diseases. If both disease and immunopathology affect condition, then sexual advertisements could signal a balance between the two. Studies of hypothesized links between genes, condition, the immune system and advertisements will require careful consideration of which hypothesis is being considered, and may necessitate different measuresof immune system responses and different experimental protocols.
机译：自从1871年达尔文的著作《人的后裔与性别的选择》问世以来，为什么雄性通常具有极高的形态和行为特征，以及为什么雌性更喜欢与这类雄性交配的问题一直是人们争论的焦点。最近，研究的范围扩大到进化生物学之外的领域，为配偶选择和性选择提供了新的思路。本文着重于一组特定的假设，这些假设将对引起疾病的生物的抗性生物学与条件依赖性性信号（广告）的产生联系起来。提出了一个框架，该框架区分了关于影响一般状况的免疫系统内权衡的3个假设。首先，Hamilton和Zuk的原始假设[Science（1982）218，384-387]提示宿主通过对特定病原体的抵抗力抵抗疾病，从而降低了对其他病原体的抵抗力。病原体随着进化时间的变化反过来又有利于基因赋予最佳抗性的变化。其次，免疫能力假说表明，对任何病原体做出反应的能源成本会与其他事物竞争资源，例如制作或维护广告。第三，通过诸如过敏或自身免疫性疾病之类的免疫病理学，提高对病原体的抵抗力可以增加免疫系统对宿主的负面影响。如果疾病和免疫病理都影响病情，则性广告可能预示着两者之间的平衡。对基因，状况，免疫系统和广告之间的假设联系进行研究将需要仔细考虑正在考虑的假设，并且可能需要采取不同的免疫系统反应措施和不同的实验方案。

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