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首页> 外文期刊>The Royal Society Proceedings B: Biological Sciences >Different timing of the adaptive radiations of North American and Asian warblers
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Different timing of the adaptive radiations of North American and Asian warblers

机译：北美和亚洲莺的适应性辐射的不同时机

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摘要

The timing of speciation events among warblers (small insectivorous woodland birds) in the Himalayas of India and in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, USA, is compared. Sequence divergence in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene for 13 New World species in six genera averages 2.6%, which according to standard calibrations places most of the diversification in the early Pleistocene. In contrast, eight Himalayan species in the single genus Phylloscopus differ by an average of 10.7% in the same gene sequence. The New Hampshire warblers appear to have undergone a relatively recent burst of speciation and morphological evolution, but there is a detectable slowing of speciation rates (or increase in extinction rates) within the community towards the present. Other North American passerine groups that have been studied show no signs of explosive diversification in the Pleistocene. In these groups, pairs of sister species are often older than the entire warbler radiation. Boreal forest migrated south from very high latitudes towards the end of the Pliocene and this apparently created conditions ripe for explosive diversification among the warblers, but not for many other groups. [References: 38]
机译：比较了印度喜马拉雅山和美国新罕布什尔州怀特山的莺（小食虫性林地鸟）中形成物种的时间。六个属中的13个新世界物种的线粒体细胞色素b基因的序列差异平均为2.6％，根据标准校准，其大部分差异都位于更新世早期。相反，单一的毛竹属中的八个喜马拉雅物种在同一基因序列中的平均差异为10.7％。新罕布什尔州的鸣鸟似乎经历了相对较近的物种形成和形态演变，但是在社区中，直至现在，物种形成速率（或灭绝速率增加）都有明显的下降。已研究的其他北美雀形目组在更新世中没有爆炸性多样化的迹象。在这些群体中，成对的姐妹物种通常比整个莺的辐射年龄大。北方森林从极高的纬度向南迁移到上新世末期，这显然为conditions莺之间的爆炸性多样化创造了条件，但对许多其他群体却没有。 [参考：38]

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