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首页> 外文期刊>The Royal Society Proceedings B: Biological Sciences >A unique form of light reflector and the evolution of signalling in Ovalipes (Crustacea : Decapoda : Portunidae)
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A unique form of light reflector and the evolution of signalling in Ovalipes (Crustacea : Decapoda : Portunidae)

机译：独特形式的光反射器和卵形中信号的演变（甲壳纲：十足目：Portunidae）

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The first demonstration, to our knowledge, of an evolutionary shift in communication mode in animals is presented. Some species of Ovalipes display spectacular iridescence resulting from multilayer reflectors in the cuticle. This reflector is unique in animals because each layer is corrugated and slightly out of phase with adjacent layers. Solid layers are separated from fluid layers in the reflector by side branches acting as support struts. An effect of this reflector is that blue light is reflected over a 'broad' angle around a plane parallel to the sea floor when the host crab is resting. Species of Ovalipes all possess stridulatory structures. The shallow-water species with the best developed stridulatory structures are non-iridescent and use sound as a signal. Deep-water species possess poorly developed stridulatory structures and display iridescence from most regions of the body In deep water, where incident light is blue, light display is highly directional in contrast to sound produced via stridulation. Sound and light display probably perform the same function of sexual signalling in Ovalipes, although the directional signal is less likely to attract predators. Deep-water species of Ovalipes appear to have evolved towards using light in conspecific signalling. This change from using sound to using light reflects the change in habitat light properties, perhaps the hunting mechanisms of cohabitees, and its progression is an indicator of phylogeny. The changes in sexual signalling mechanisms, following spatial-geographical isolation, may have promoted speciation in Ovalipes. [References: 31]
机译：据我们所知，首次展示了动物交流方式的进化转变。椭圆形的某些物种由于角质层中的多层反射器而显示出惊人的虹彩。这种反射器在动物中是独特的，因为每一层都是波纹状的，并且与相邻层略有异相。固体层通过用作支杆的侧支与反射器中的流体层分开。这种反射器的作用是，当寄主蟹静止时，蓝光会在平行于海床的平面上以“广角”反射。椭圆形的物种都具有节状结构。具有最佳发展的分层结构的浅水种类是非虹彩的，并使用声音作为信号。深水物种具有较弱的脉动结构，并在人体的大多数区域显示出虹彩。在深水中，入射光是蓝色的，与通过脉动产生的声音相反，光的显示是高度定向的。尽管定向信号不太可能吸引食肉动物，但声光显示在卵形体中可能执行与性信号相同的功能。椭圆形的深水物种似乎已朝着在同种信号传递中使用光发展。从使用声音到使用光的这种变化反映了栖息地灯光属性的变化，也许是同居者的狩猎机制，并且其进展是系统发育的指标。在空间地理隔离之后，性信号传导机制的变化可能促进了卵形体的物种形成。 [参考：31]

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