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首页> 外文期刊>The Urologic clinics of North America >Prostate cancer: cryotherapy.
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Prostate cancer: cryotherapy.

机译：前列腺癌：冷冻疗法。

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The incidence of prostate cancer has more than doubled in the last 10 years, and 220,900 new cases will be detected in 2003. This increase is due in large part to increased use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening, transrectal ultrasonography, and random biopsy of the prostate. The treatment of prostate cancer, however, remains controversial, and no consensus has been established as to what constitutes appropriate treatment for any stage of disease, especially for localized cancers. Radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, or watchful waiting all have their advocates, and the risks and benefits of these approaches are discussed frequently. Skepticism about conventional treatments has stimulated patients and physicians to search for alternatives that are effective and associated with limited morbidity. Technologic developments have rekindled interest in cryotherapy as a viable alternative to other, more conventional localized therapies. Given the relative paucity of alternatives for patients who experience biochemical progression after radiotherapy, cryosurgery also may prove to be a good alternative for those patients whose tumors appear to remain localized despite progression. In addition, it appears that cryosurgery will play an increased role in the future management of prostate cancer.
机译：在过去的10年中，前列腺癌的发病率增加了一倍以上，2003年将检测到220,900例新病例。这种增加在很大程度上是由于基于前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）的筛查，经直肠超声检查，前列腺活检。然而，前列腺癌的治疗仍存在争议，关于什么构成疾病的任何阶段，特别是局部癌症的适当治疗，尚未达成共识。前列腺癌根治术，放射疗法或警惕的等待都是他们的提倡者，并且经常讨论这些方法的风险和益处。对常规疗法的怀疑促使患者和医生寻找有效且与发病率有限相关的替代方法。技术的发展重新激发了人们对冷冻疗法的兴趣，认为冷冻疗法可以替代其他更传统的局部疗法。鉴于放疗后经历生化进展的患者的替代方案相对较少，对于那些尽管进展而肿瘤似乎仍位于局部的患者，冷冻手术也可能是一个很好的替代方案。另外，似乎冷冻外科手术将在前列腺癌的未来管理中发挥更大的作用。

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