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首页> 外文期刊>The Peanut Grower >Conservation tillage can offer benefits for managing diseases of peanut
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Conservation tillage can offer benefits for managing diseases of peanut

机译：保护性耕作可为管理花生疾病提供益处

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As conservation tillage becomes more popular in the southeastern United States for peanut production, there have been concerns that diseases may be more severe in such fields than where peanuts are planted in conventional tillage. Questions concerning the possibility of increased disease pressure in conservation tillage are appropriate because for many years, conventional "clean" tillage has been an important component in a comprehensive disease management program. Typical land preparation for growing peanuts in Georgia includes an initial tillage with a moldboard plow, secondary tillage with a disk harrow, field conditioner or power tiller to incorporate herbicides and prepare seedbeds; and flat cultivation to control weeds. A major goal of suchpractices is to bury crop residues and any fungal pathogens that may be associated with this debris. Burying the inoculum and the debris is believed to accomplish two tasks, 1) physical separation of the pathogen from the peanut plants, and 2) hasten thedegradation of the debris, thus eliminating a food source for the pathogen. It has been perceived that cover crop residue which remains in conservation tillage systems would increase the severity of soilborne and other diseases that affect the new peanut crop. As we shall see, this is usually not the case.
机译：随着保护性耕作在美国东南部越来越普遍地用于生产花生，人们担心这种领域的疾病可能比传统耕作中种植花生的疾病更为严重。有关保护性耕作中疾病压力升高可能性的问题是适当的，因为多年来，常规的“清洁”耕作一直是全面疾病管理计划的重要组成部分。在佐治亚州，种植花生的典型土地准备工作包括：先用a刨犁耕作耕作，再用圆盘耙耕作耕作，田间改良剂或动力耕作机，以加入除草剂并准备苗床;和扁平栽培来控制杂草。这种做法的主要目标是掩埋可能与这种碎片有关的农作物残留物和任何真菌病原体。埋葬接种物和碎片被认为可以完成两个任务：1）将病原体与花生植物物理分离，以及2）加快碎片的降解，从而消除病原体的食物来源。人们认为，保留在耕作耕作系统中的农作物残留物会增加土壤传播的危害和影响新花生作物的其他疾病的严重性。我们将看到，通常不是这种情况。

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